حزمة ثلج جافة لشحن الطعام (2025 مرشد)

What a “حزمة الثلج الجاف” Is—and When Food Shippers Should Use It

Dry ice is solid CO₂ that subledlimates (skips the liquid phase), staying near −78.5 درجة مئوية at atmospheric pressure. That deep‑freeze profile makes it ideal for بوظة, frozen meats/seafood, bakery desserts, and any SKU that must remain ≤ −18 °C نهاية إلى نهاية. Because it turns into gas, there’s no meltwater to soak cartons—just be sure the box vents.

From a planning standpoint, dry ice absorbs roughly 25-27KJ/مول when it sublimes—about ~ 571kj/kg, a handy number for estimating hold time and mass.

حزمة ثلج جافة للشحن

Quick Decision Matrix: الجليد الجاف مقابل. Gel vs. بي سي إم (طعام)

سيناريو	Target Temp	Best Choice	Why it wins
Ice cream to homes, 24-72H	≤ −18 °C	حزم الثلج الجاف	Deep‑freeze, long hold; ملصق + vent required.
Meal kits / ينتج, 1–2 days	0-8 درجة مئوية	حزم هلام	Holds “refrigerated” range without freezing.
Frozen but not ultra‑cold (many foods)	−20 °C band	−20 °C PCM or dry ice	PCMs avoid CO₂ hazards + hazmat paperwork; test your lane.

نصيحة: For mixed‑temp boxes, isolate zones—dry ice above the frozen portion, gel packs around the chill portion.

The 10‑Minute Pack‑and‑Label SOP (2025)

ما قبل الشرط
Pre‑freeze product; pre‑chill the shipper to cut initial heat load.
Choose a vent‑capable shipper
EPS/EPP/VIP or validated corrugated‑foam sets. Never make it airtight; pressure from CO₂ gas must escape. (Required by 49 CFR §173.217.)
حمولة & isolate
Line the box; keep food bagged and separated from dry ice surfaces. Top‑load blocks for stability; use pellets to fill side voids.
يغلق, but keep venting
Secure flaps/tape seams without sealing every possible leak path; confirm a gas‑escape path. (49 CFR + IATA.)
Apply marks & تسميات (air/ground couriers)
On the خارجي طَرد, يضيف:

و 1845
اسم الشحن الصحيح: الجليد الجاف أو ثاني أكسيد الكربون, صلب
Net mass of dry ice (كجم)
فصل 9 تسمية الخطر
Follow IATA باي 954 + operator acceptance checklist (2025).

على شعب الطريق (when no Shipper’s Declaration is required)
If dry ice only cools non‑dangerous goods, enter this in AWB “Nature and Quantity of Goods”:

(Format per IATA + carrier job aids; FedEx example below.)

Tender & track
Ship early in the week; add a data logger on new lanes.

USPS (نحن. mail) is different: محلي air mail ≤ 5 lb (2.27 كجم) per mailpiece and requires a Shipper’s Declaration affixed to the outside; international mail with dry ice is محظور.

The Sizing Math (سريع)

Energy method (good starting point):

Sublimation energy: ~571 kJ/kg
Dry ice needed (كجم) ≈ Total heat load (KJ) ÷ 571
Total heat load = Heat gain (kJ/h) × transit hours
يضيف 20-30 ٪ المخزن المؤقت for delays/heat waves.

Rule‑of‑thumb for food shippers (first trial):

عقد الوقت	Small shipper (8–12 qt)	Medium shipper (20–30 qt)
24 ح	2.3–3.6 kg (5-8 رطل)	3.6–5.4 kg (8-12 رطل)
48 ح	4.5–6.8 kg (10-15 رطل)	6.8–9.1 kg (15-20 رطل)
72 ح	6.8–11.3 kg (15-25 رطل)	9.1–13.6 kg (20-30 رطل)

These bands reflect common CDC/EHS guidance to budget ~5–10 lb per 24 h and should be tuned by your insulation, حجم المربع, and route temps.

نسخ حاسبة طبقة (any notebook):

Safety You Can Audit

PPE: قفازات معزولة + حماية العين; dry ice is ~−78.5 °C.
التعرض CO₂: OSHA PEL 5,000 ppm (8 ح اثنين); Stel 30،000ppm—ventilate pack‑out rooms, المركبات, and receiving areas.
حجم الغاز: 1 lb dry ice → ~250 L CO₂; small rooms can reach hazardous levels quickly.
لا تقم بمنعة محكمة الإغلاق: Vent required by 49 CFR; ها هو بي 954 addresses mark/label/documentation for air.

Receiving routine (food ops): Crack the box in a ventilated area, remove product, and allow remaining dry ice to dissipate—لا put in sinks/bins with sealing lids.

الناقل & Rule Highlights (2025)

Rule set / Operator	Core requirement you’ll actually use	لماذا يهم
ها هو بي 954 + 2025 قائمة التحقق من القبول	و 1845 + اسم الشحن الصحيح + صافي كجم + فصل 9; AWB text when no Declaration is required; operators use checklists.	Universal air‑cargo baseline; reduces acceptance failures.
49 CFR §173.217 (U.S.)	Packages must تنفيس; specific markings; vehicle/containers marked appropriately.	Legal in the U.S.; prevents pressure incidents.
USPS 9A (نحن. mail)	Air mail ≤ 5 lb الثلج الجاف; address‑side text + فصل 9; Shipper’s Declaration required (هواء).	USPS is stricter than couriers; avoid rejections.
FedEx	AWB line: `UN 1845, Dry Ice, _ x _ kg`; no DG Declaration if cooling non‑DG only.	Copy‑ready wording; smooths intake.
يو بي إس	“How to ship dry ice” mirrors PI 954; يخطط 5-10 رطل لكل 24 ساعة as a rule‑of‑thumb.	Practical mass planning + compliance pointers.

Passenger baggage context (لا البضائع): many airlines allow ≤ 2.5 kg per person in carry‑on/checked bag for perishables if vented and marked—don’t confuse with cargo limits.

2025 Changes & What’s New

IATA DGR 66th Ed.: Acceptance checklist for dry ice is live; check اختلافات المشغل and provide net weight during booking when requested (aircraft limits).
من (طبعة 7, 2025): تحديث Guidelines for the international packaging and shipping of vaccines—good patterns for venting, الوثائق, and handling if you ship food + health products together.

Copy‑Ready Labels & AWB Text

On the box (near the Class 9 ملصق):

(ها هو بي 954 + 49 CFR basics.)

On the air waybill (couriers; when Declaration not required):

(FedEx job aid format.)

USPS air mail (محلي): add required إعلان الشاحن, ≤ 5 رطل لكل بريد, and mandated address‑side markings.

التعليمات (Food Shippers)

How much dry ice for 48 h?
عادة 10-20 رطل اعتمادا على العزل, shipper volume, and summer heat. Start with the table above and tune from logger results.

جاف آمن لشحنات الطعام?
Yes—if food is wrapped and لا in direct contact; ventilate and handle with PPE. (CO₂ PEL 5,000 ppm; STEL 30,000 ppm.)

Will my package explode if sealed?
Airtight packages can rupture as CO₂ builds. Regulations require تنفيس for exactly this reason.

What’s the max dry ice per package by air?
IATA practice allows up to 200 kg per package تحت بي 954 (far above typical parcel weights); always check operator variations.

If I only need 0–8 °C?
يستخدم حزم هلام—they hold refrigerator temps without freezing chocolate/produce.