إن شحن المنتجات المجمدة ليس بالأمر السهل مثل وضعها في المبرد. تسمح لك عبوات الثلج الجاف وأكياس الثلج الجاف بالاحتفاظ باللقاحات, seafood and frozen treats at 78.5 °C (109.3 درجة فهرنهايت) without melting water, but they also come with safety rules and strict 2025 أنظمة. In this guide you’ll learn how to calculate the right amount of dry ice, pick the best insulated container, and discover when gel packs might be a better choice. You’ll also explore industry trends such as smart sensors and reusable systems that are shaping the future of cold chain logistics.
Understand what dry ice packaging is and how dry ice packs work, including sublimation and why they stay dry.
Follow a step by step process to package dry ice safely, from pre freezing products to labeling and venting.
Compare dry ice packs with gel ice packs and PCMs, so you can choose the right cooling method for your product.
يتعلم 2025 trends in dry ice packaging– أجهزة الاستشعار الذكية, blockchain, VIP insulation and sustainability.
احصل على إجابات للأسئلة الشائعة about handling, disposal and regulatory compliance.
What Is Dry Ice Packaging and How Do Dry Ice Packs Work?
الجليد الجاف ثاني أكسيد الكربون الصلب. It forms when CO₂ is compressed and cooled, transitioning directly from a gas to a solid and back again without a liquid stage. عند الضغط القياسي dry ice is extremely cold ( 78.5 °C/ 109.3 °F). When it warms, هو - هي يتسامى مباشرة إلى الغاز, دون ترك أي بقايا ماء. This property makes dry ice ideal for shipping frozen items because there’s no risk of soggy packaging or product damage.
أ dry ice pack is a sealed pouch or block of dry ice used as a refrigerant. Unlike gel packs that thaw into liquid, dry ice packs maintain sub zero temperatures and eliminate melt water. Because dry ice absorbs heat as it sublimates, it can hold frozen temperatures for 24 72 hours depending on the amount used and insulation quality. A common rule is that 5-10 رطل (2.3-4.5 كجم) of dry ice sublimate every 24 ساعات, so shippers must calculate the amount needed based on shipment size and duration.
Key safety rules for using dry ice packs
يصنف الثلج الجاف على أنه أ مواد خطرة, so proper handling and packaging are mandatory. الولايات المتحدة. وزارة النقل (نقطة) والاتحاد الدولي للنقل الجوي (IATA) restrict dry ice shipments and require labeling with “Dry Ice” or “Carbon Dioxide, صلب,"رقم الأمم المتحدة (و 1845) والوزن الصافي. Because dry ice sublimates into CO₂ gas, حاويات محكمة الإغلاق محظورة—venting prevents pressure build up and explosion. Handlers should always ارتداء القفازات والنظارات الواقية معزولة لتجنب قضمة الصقيع, and packaging should prevent direct contact between dry ice and food.
Packaging materials and cooling duration
| مواد التعبئة والتغليف | مدة التبريد | الاستخدام المثالي | ماذا يعني لك |
| Insulated Styrofoam/EPS boxes | 24-48 ساعة | Short to medium distance shipments | Affordable and readily available but may need more dry ice during hot weather. |
| Thick corrugated boxes + بطانة | 12-36 ساعة | Larger loads or bulk shipments | Commonly used for seafood and frozen groceries; cost effective but less insulating. |
| لوحة معزولة بالفراغ (VIP) الأنظمة | 96-240 ساعة | High value or long haul shipments | VIP panels reduce dry ice consumption by 20–40 % and lower shipping weight. |
نصائح وسيناريوهات عملية
التهوية أمر بالغ الأهمية: Always allow CO₂ gas to escape by leaving small gaps in the outer box. Never seal dry ice in plastic bags or glass containers.
التسمية بوضوح: علامة "الثلج الجاف, UN 1845” and net weight on the outer carton to comply with air and ground regulations. Use a Class 9 تسمية الخطر إذا الشحن عن طريق الجو.
منتج منفصل عن الثلج الجاف: Place your goods in an inner box or sealed bag to prevent contact with dry ice. This protects delicate items like vaccines from freezer burn.
دراسة حالة: A pastry company reduced spoilage by 38 % by layering dry ice blocks at the bottom, sides and top of the shipment, creating a “sandwich” effect that eliminated warm pockets.
How to Calculate and Package Dry Ice Packs for Shipping
Correct packaging maximizes cold retention, ensures safety and meets regulatory requirements. Shipping with dry ice is not about guessing; it’s about planning. The following step by step process is adapted from the latest 2025 المبادئ التوجيهية.
Pre freeze and prepare the product: Freeze your goods to at least 0 ° f (18 درجة مئوية) قبل التعبئة. Dry ice maintains frozen status; it doesn’t freeze room temperature items. Check that your product can withstand ultra cold temperatures—if not, use phase change material (بي سي إم) gel packs instead.
Choose a rigid outer container and insulated liner: Use a heavy duty corrugated box with a foam liner. For shipments beyond 72 ساعات, upgrade to VIP panels which provide 96–240 hours of protection. Ensure both the liner and outer box have vent holes to release CO₂ gas.
Calculate the amount of dry ice: المبدأ التوجيهي العام هو 5-10 رطل (2.3-4.5 كجم) من الجليد الجاف لكل 24 hours for every 10–15 lbs of product. Always add a 24 hour buffer for unexpected delays. Heavier insulation reduces the amount needed. The table below summarizes typical requirements:
| نوع الشحنة | الجليد الجاف (رطل لكل 24 ح) | مدة | نطاق درجة الحرارة | معنى عملي |
| الأدوية | 5-10 | 24-72 ح | -20 درجة مئوية إلى -70 درجة مئوية | Ultra cold vaccines and biologics need larger amounts and thicker insulation. |
| المأكولات البحرية | 1-2 | حتى 24 ح | -18 درجة مئوية إلى -20 درجة مئوية | A small quantity suffices; over freezing can damage texture. |
| عينات التكنولوجيا الحيوية | ~5 | 48 ح | -20 درجة مئوية إلى -50 درجة مئوية | Enough dry ice keeps sensitive samples stable during transit. |
| الأطعمة المجمدة | 2-3 | حتى 24 ح | -10 درجة مئوية إلى -18 درجة مئوية | Ideal for ice cream, meat or frozen meals; moderate amounts work well. |
Layer the dry ice around the product: Place blocks or pellets at the bottom of the liner, then insert your pre frozen product. Surround the sides and top with additional pellets to create a “sandwich” effect. Avoid direct contact by using a barrier or separate compartment.
Vent and close the container: Tape the outer box lightly. Leave small gaps or specialized vent holes so CO₂ gas can escape. Never use sealed plastic bags or steel drums because they can explode.
التسمية والوثيقة: Affix hazard labels and write ”الثلج الجاف (و 1845)” plus the net weight in kilograms. للشحنات الجوية, attach a فصل 9 diamond hazard label and include the statement “UN 1845, الجليد الجاف, n × كجم" في بوليصة الشحن الجوي.
Train staff and monitor: Provide training on handling dry ice (قفازات, نظارات, ملقط) and include a temperature or IoT sensor in the package. Real time monitoring helps you respond to deviations during transit.
Selecting insulation and hybrid systems
Different insulation materials influence performance and cost. البوليسترين الموسع (EPS) أو البولي يوريثين (بور) مبردات الرغوة work for 24–48 h shipments. رغوة أكثر سمكا (1.5–2 inches) extends hold time and reduces dry ice consumption. لوحات VIP provide the highest efficiency, offering 96–240 h retention with minimal thickness. The initial cost is higher but lowers shipping weight and reduces carbon emissions.
مواد تغيير المرحلة (بي سي إم) عبوات maintain temperatures at 2–8 °C or –20 °C without the hazards of dry ice. They require preconditioning but can be reused and avoid hazardous material regulations. الأنظمة الهجينة combine dry ice and PCM to create multiple temperature zones; dry ice keeps the primary payload at –70 °C while PCM panels hold adjacent compartments between 2–8 °C. This approach reduces dry ice consumption and meets varied product requirements.
Practical guidance and actionable scenarios
Choose insulation based on transit time: Use EPS or PUR foam for domestic shipments up to two days, and VIP panels for international or high value shipments. Thicker insulation reduces the amount of dry ice needed, lowering weight and cost.
Opt for hybrid systems when shipping mixed goods: If your shipment includes items requiring different temperature ranges, pair dry ice with PCM packs to maintain separate zones.
Prepare a dry ice calculator: Use a simple decision tool that takes package weight, duration and insulation type to estimate dry ice needs. Including an interactive calculator on your website can boost user engagement and reduce customer error.
مثال العالم الحقيقي: A biotech company shipping cryogenic samples used VIP boxes with smart sensors, reducing dry ice usage by 30 % while maintaining stability over a 96 hour international flight. The sensors alerted staff of a minor temperature spike at customs, allowing intervention before sample degradation.
الثلج الجاف مقابل حزم الثلج الهلامي: Which Cooling Method Fits Your 2025 سلسلة البرد?
Understanding the differences between dry ice and gel ice packs helps you match the cooling method to your product. Gel ice packs contain water, gel or PCM that freezes around 0 °C and provide moderate cooling (2-8 درجة مئوية). Dry ice maintains ultra low temperatures (78.5 درجة مئوية) but requires special handling and ventilation.
Comparing key features
| ميزة | حزم الجليد هلام | حزم الثلج الجاف | ماذا يعني لك |
| نطاق درجة الحرارة | -20 درجة مئوية إلى -30 درجة مئوية; suitable for 2–8 °C when thawing | -78.5 درجة مئوية | Dry ice keeps products frozen solid; gel packs keep them chilled but not frozen. |
| التعامل مع السلامة | من السهل التعامل معها, non toxic and require no special protective gear | يتطلب القفازات, ventilation and care to avoid frostbite | Gel packs are family friendly; dry ice demands trained handlers. |
| التأثير البيئي | Typically reusable and biodegradable | Releases CO₂ as it sublimes | Gel packs support sustainability initiatives; dry ice production repurposes industrial CO₂ but is single use. |
| يكلف | Reusable and cost effective over time | Higher cost and often single use | Gel packs save money for recurring shipments; dry ice is economical for one off deep freeze needs. |
| مدة التبريد | Consistent cooling up to 48 ساعات | 24–72 hours depending on quantity and insulation | Both require proper insulation; dry ice lasts longer but may overshoot for moderately cold goods. |
Choosing the right cooling method for different products
حزم الجليد هلام are optimal for goods requiring 2-8 درجة مئوية, مثل المواد الغذائية الطازجة, ألبان, المستحضرات الصيدلانية ومجموعات وجبات التجارة الإلكترونية. They provide consistent cooling for up to 48 hours without freezing the contents. Gel packs are also reusable and more environmentally friendly, making them ideal for grocery deliveries and recurring shipments.
حزم الثلج الجاف are indispensable when products must stay الصلبة المجمدة, مثل اللحوم المجمدة, بوظة, biological samples and certain pharmaceutical products. They deliver ultra low temperatures and can hold frozen conditions for up to 72 ساعات. لكن, dry ice requires ventilation and hazardous materials labeling and is not reusable.
الحلول الهجينة combine dry ice and gel packs or PCMs to create multiple temperature zones. على سبيل المثال, dry ice can maintain –70 °C for a vaccine vial, while a PCM pack keeps adjacent products between 2–8 °C. This approach reduces the amount of dry ice required and prevents over freezing of moderate temperature goods.
نصائح عملية
قم بتقييم احتياجات درجة حرارة منتجك: تبريد (2-8 درجة مئوية) usually calls for gel or PCM packs, while deep freezing (أقل من -20 درجة مئوية) requires dry ice.
Consider handling and safety: If your supply chain involves untrained staff or consumers, gel packs are safer and easier to handle.
Calculate total cost: Reusable gel packs may offer better long term value for frequent shipments, whereas dry ice is economical for occasional deep freeze shipments despite higher single use cost.
مثال الحالة: An online meal kit service switched from dry ice to PCM gel packs for deliveries within 48 ساعات. Customer satisfaction rose because food arrived chilled rather than frozen, and packaging waste decreased. For longer distance orders requiring frozen desserts, the company still uses dry ice but pairs it with VIP insulation to reduce consumption.
2025 Developments and Trends in Dry Ice Packaging and Cold Chain Logistics
The cold chain industry is rapidly evolving due to market growth, sustainability concerns and technological innovation. في 2025 the global cold chain market is projected to grow from USD 324.85 مليار في 2024 إلى USD 862.33 مليار من قبل 2032, معدل نمو سنوي مركب (CAGR) من حولها 13 %. Here are the key trends that will shape dry ice packaging and cold chain logistics in 2025:
أجهزة الاستشعار الذكية وتكامل إنترنت الأشياء
Real time data loggers and IoT sensors are now standard in premium packaging. These devices monitor درجة حرارة, الرطوبة والموقع, sending alerts when conditions deviate from setpoints. Mobile apps allow shippers to track shipments and intervene proactively, الحد من الفساد وتحسين المساءلة. في 2025 expect deeper integration with predictive analytics and automated replenishment services.
Blockchain for traceability and compliance
توفر تقنية Blockchain يؤمن, tamper proof records of temperature data and custody events. Pharmaceutical shipments must prove compliance with Good Distribution Practices (الناتج المحلي الإجمالي). Blockchain helps document every hand off and temperature reading, simplifying audits and enhancing trust.
Advanced insulation and VIP adoption
ألواح معزولة بالفراغ (كبار الشخصيات) are gaining traction because they offer high thermal resistance with less bulk. VIPs enable 96–240 hour hold times while reducing shipping weight and carbon emissions. Eco friendly materials like مركبات الألياف المعاد تدويرها are emerging as sustainable alternatives.
Reusable dry ice programs
Reusable systems combine advanced insulation with return logistics. Programs like Marken’s InfiniDI have shown that reusing dry ice packaging can cut dry ice usage by 50 % وتقليل النفايات بنسبة تصل إلى 90 %. Such systems use smart tracking to ensure containers are returned and sanitized, appealing to pharmaceutical and biotech industries striving for sustainability.
Regulatory enhancements and carrier alignment
Regulators continue refining guidelines. تعليمات التعبئة IATA 954 caps dry ice packages at 200 kg and mandates vented packaging. Many carriers now harmonize ground rules with air regulations, requiring proper labeling even for ground shipments. نحن. تم تحديث اللوائح البريدية في 2025 يسمح حتى 5 lbs of dry ice in domestic air mail while still prohibiting international mail. Carriers emphasize “no sealed bags” and clearer hazard label placement.
Market and product diversification
The cold chain landscape is changing due to new products. الطلب على plant based protein, الأطعمة الخالية من الغلوتين والعضوية يزدهر. These products require specialized temperature control and are often shipped by small to medium sized businesses seeking logistics partners with innovation and network reach. في نفس الوقت, aging cold storage facilities are being upgraded with الأتمتة, sustainability improvements and new refrigerants to meet stricter environmental regulations.
Visibility and software investments
Higher quality insights are critical for refrigerated products, so companies are investing in software that improves supply chain visibility. Continuous data allows shippers to handle disruptions, track location and monitor temperature. By integrating sensors with logistics management platforms, businesses can make data driven decisions and reduce risk.
Distribution and facility upgrades
Cold chain facilities are being strategically located closer to production areas and consumers. Upgraded infrastructure includes automation, energy efficient systems and advanced monitoring. Market resilience is increasing despite geopolitical disruptions, and the industry is preparing for volatility in capacity and transit times.
الأسئلة المتداولة
س 1: كم من الوقت يمكن للثلج الجاف الحفاظ على التبريد أثناء النقل?
عادة ما يستمر الجليد الجاف 24-48 ساعة, and in well insulated containers it can maintain sub zero temperatures up to 72 ساعات. The exact duration depends on the quantity of dry ice, insulation type and ambient conditions. Always add a 24 hour buffer to accommodate potential delays.
Q2: هل الثلج الجاف آمن لنقل الأغذية؟?
نعم. Dry ice is used widely for shipping frozen food, المأكولات البحرية والأدوية. لكن, you must prevent direct contact between dry ice and food to avoid freezer burn and ensure packages are vented to allow CO₂ gas to escape.
س 3: How much dry ice should I use per pound of product?
المبدأ التوجيهي المشترك هو 5– 10 رطل من الثلج الجاف لكل 24 hours for every 10–15 lbs of product. Adjust the amount for insulation quality and add extra dry ice for longer transit times.
س 4: Do I need a special declaration when shipping only dry ice?
Generally no. When dry ice is the sole hazardous material, a shipper’s declaration isn’t required. You still need to label the package with “Dry Ice” or “Carbon Dioxide, صلب,"و 1845 والوزن الصافي, وإرفاق فئة 9 بطاقة الخطر للشحنات الجوية. Check carrier requirements because some carriers require declarations when other dangerous goods are included.
س 5: كيف أتخلص من الثلج الجاف بعد الولادة؟?
Allow dry ice to تسامى في منطقة جيدة التهوية بعيدا عن الأطفال والحيوانات الأليفة. Do not place it in sinks or waste systems because the extreme cold may damage fixtures. Follow local hazardous waste guidelines if they apply.
ملخص وتوصيات
Shipping frozen or ultra cold goods requires more than a cooler and good intentions. Dry ice packaging offers unmatched freezing capability but comes with strict handling and regulatory requirements. To ship confidently:
خطط للمستقبل: منتجات ما قبل التجميد, select appropriate insulation and calculate the right amount of dry ice using the 5–10 lbs per 24 hours rule.
Package properly: Layer dry ice around the product, leave venting channels and label with “Dry Ice, UN 1845” and net weight.
Choose the right cooling method: Use gel or PCM packs for refrigeration (2-8 درجة مئوية) and dry ice for frozen or ultra cold shipments. Hybrid systems offer flexibility for mixed loads.
ابق على اطلاع حول 2025 الاتجاهات: Embrace smart sensors, blockchain, reusable systems and VIP insulation to improve performance and sustainability.
By following these guidelines you’ll reduce spoilage, comply with regulations and deliver products safely. If you’re unsure which solution is best, consult a cold chain specialist.
حول Tempk
Tempk هي الشركة الرائدة في innovative cold chain packaging. We design and manufacture dry ice packaging, عبوات جل الثلج, phase change materials and insulated containers to help businesses maintain required temperatures during shipping. Our research and development team focuses on reusable, حلول صديقة للبيئة, and our packaging is validated for pharmaceutical, food and biotech applications. With expertise in regulatory compliance and real time monitoring, we provide tailored cold chain solutions أن الأداء المتوازن, الاستدامة والتكلفة.
نداء العمل: Contact the Tempk team for a consultation on how to optimize your dry ice packaging and reduce waste. We can help you select the right insulation, calculate dry ice needs and integrate smart sensors for total visibility.
