Imagínese enviar una caja de vacunas o mariscos frescos a través de continentes sin preocuparse por el hielo derretido o el empaque empapado.. A sublimation dry ice pack sheet makes that possible by taking advantage of dry ice’s unique property of sublimation—transitioning from solid to gas at –78.5 °C (–109,3 °F). Este proceso absorbe calor sin dejar residuos líquidos., manteniendo temperaturas ultrafrías entre –20 °C y –78 °C durante hasta 72 horas. En este artículo aprenderás cómo funcionan estas hojas., cómo usarlos de forma segura y por qué son una opción inteligente para 2025 operaciones de cadena de frio. Listo para mantener su carga seca y su negocio cumpliendo con las normas? Empecemos.
¿Qué es una lámina de hielo seco para sublimación?? Descubra cómo estas láminas aprovechan la sublimación de CO₂ para una congelación sin humedad.
¿Cómo garantiza la sublimación temperaturas ultrafrías constantes?? Comprenda la ciencia y descubra cómo maximizar el rendimiento.
Qué tipos de packs de sublimación existen y cuándo debes utilizar cada uno? Comparar pellets, empacar hojas, láminas de gel y PCM.
¿Cómo puedes manejar?, pack and transport these sheets safely? Follow step by step guidance to minimize risks.
What are the cost considerations and latest trends for 2025? See how market dynamics and sustainability goals shape your choices.
What Is a Sublimation Dry Ice Pack Sheet and How Does It Work?
A sublimation dry ice pack sheet is a protective enclosure containing solid carbon dioxide (hielo seco) that gradually turns into gas, keeping your shipment extremely cold without creating meltwater. Cuando se expone a temperaturas más cálidas, the dry ice inside the sheet se sublima a –78,5 °C, absorbing heat from the environment while releasing carbon dioxide gas. Porque no hay fase líquida, moisture sensitive products—such as vaccines, cell cultures or seafood—stay dry and undamaged. Vented packaging allows the gas to escape so pressure doesn’t build up.
Why Sublimation Beats Melting Ice
Dry ice sublimation is fundamentally different from water ice melting. El hielo de agua se derrite en 0 °C and produces liquid water, which can damage packaging or dilute pharmaceuticals. En contraste, El hielo seco es CO₂ sólido. and its sublimation temperature of –78.5 °C ensures that goods remain frozen. The outer shell of a sublimation pack sheet slows the sublimation rate, allowing it to maintain extremely cold conditions for 24–72 horas. Some designs incorporate a gel layer around the dry ice core to distribute cold evenly and further slow sublimation.
Think of a sublimation dry ice pack sheet as a batería fría: it stores ultra cold energy and releases it gradually by turning solid CO₂ into gas. There’s no leakage to clean up and no soggy packaging to ruin your products.
Types of Sublimation Cooling Solutions
Not all sublimation packs are created equal. Manufacturers offer different formats tailored to shipment size, temperature requirements and duration. The main types are summarized below:
| Método de enfriamiento | Rango de temperatura | Duración típica | Importancia práctica |
| Pellets de hielo seco | –78,5 ºC | 24–48 horas | Proporcionar congelación instantánea inmediata para vacunas y muestras biotecnológicas.; require protective gear and venting due to rapid sublimation |
| Hojas de hielo seco | –40 °C a –60 °C | 36–72 horas | Ofrece enfriamiento gradual y tiempos de espera más prolongados.; reusable and easier to handle than pellets; minimizar la exposición al CO₂ |
| Gel sheet dry ice packs | –78,5 °C a –20 °C | 24–48 horas | Combine a dry ice core with a gel layer to slow sublimation and distribute cold evenly |
| paquetes de gel (water based) | 0 °C a –20 °C | 12–24 horas | Adecuado para productos refrigerados; reusable and inexpensive but not cold enough for frozen shipments |
| Materiales de cambio de fase (PCM) | Personalizable (2–8 ° C, –20 ºC, etc.) | 24–96 horas | Mantener temperaturas estables sin ser peligroso.; higher upfront cost but reusable and easier to comply with regulations |
Consejos y sugerencias para el usuario
Envíos de vacunas: Use pellet based sublimation packs inside high performance vacuum insulated shippers. Vaccines often need temperatures below –70 °C; Los pellets ofrecen un enfriamiento rápido y, cuando se combina con aislamiento, maintain stability for 48 horas.
Mariscos y carnes congelados: Choose pack sheets or gel sheet packs for –29 °C to –40 °C shipments lasting two to three days. Estos paquetes son reutilizables., Reduzca la exposición al CO₂ y minimice las quemaduras por congelación..
Refrigeración híbrida para rutas largas: Para viajes más allá 72 horas, combinar pellets, pack sheets and PCMs. Layer pellets at the bottom, pack sheets around the cargo and PCMs on top; esto puede extender el tiempo de espera por 25 % y reducir el consumo de hielo seco en aproximadamente 18 %.
Caso del mundo real: Una empresa de biotecnología que envía vacunas de ARNm utiliza 8 kg of dry ice pellets at the bottom of a 30 L vacuum insulated shipper, dos capas de hielo seco de 24 celdas alrededor de los viales y paquetes de PCM en la parte superior. Este sistema híbrido mantiene temperaturas por debajo de –70 °C durante 60 horas and cuts dry ice usage by roughly 20 % en comparación con los pellets solos.
How to Use Sublimation Dry Ice Pack Sheets Safely and Comply With Regulations?
Sublimation dry ice pack sheets are safe when handled correctly, but misuse can cause frostbite, asphyxiation or pressure explosions. Because dry ice turns into CO₂ gas, you must provide ventilation and avoid airtight containers. Proper labeling and adherence to airline and shipping regulations are also essential.
Direct Safety Guidelines
Use equipo de protección: Always handle dry ice packs with insulated gloves, gafas protectoras y mangas largas para evitar la congelación.
Utilice contenedores ventilados: Vented or semi vented packaging allows CO₂ gas to escape, preventing pressure buildup that could cause an explosion.
Etiqueta y documento: Packages should be labeled “Dry Ice” or “Carbon Dioxide, Sólido,” include net weight and the UN 1845 identificador de peligro. Sigue aquí es 954 y pautas del DOT; Los aviones de pasajeros a menudo restringen el uso del hielo seco. 2.5 kg por paquete, mientras que los vuelos de carga permiten hasta 200 kilos.
Expanded Safety Explanation
Solid CO₂ poses three main hazards: asfixia, frostbite and explosion. A medida que se acumula el gas CO₂, it can displace oxygen in confined spaces; por lo tanto, always handle dry ice in well ventilated areas and avoid storing it in closed refrigerators or vehicles. A –79 °C, direct skin contact causes frostbite almost instantly, so insulated gloves and tongs are necessary. Dry ice expands approximately 1:554 when converting from solid to gas; sealing it in airtight containers can cause pressure buildup and explosions, so use specialized shippers with vent holes. Packages must include hazard labels and emergency contact information.
Proceso de embalaje paso a paso
Preparación: Hojas de paquete reutilizables Hydrate (Si corresponde), soak them and freeze flat. Freeze your product to the desired temperature.
Preenfriar el recipiente: Coloque la caja aislada en un congelador o enfríela previamente con bolsas de gel.. Preconditioning can reduce sublimation by up to 15 %.
Lower layer: Agregue la cantidad necesaria de pellets o una hoja de embalaje en la parte inferior..
Buffer layer: Coloque una capa de cartón o espuma sobre el hielo seco para evitar el contacto directo con su producto y evitar quemaduras por congelación..
Carga tus artículos: Insert products, llenar los huecos con material acolchado para evitar bolsas de aire caliente.
Upper layer: Agregue más hojas o pellets encima para mantener una temperatura uniforme.
Ventilar y cerrar: Asegúrese de que el recipiente esté ventilado y cierre la tapa sin sellarla herméticamente..
Etiqueta y documento: Adjuntar etiquetas de peligro, tenga en cuenta el peso neto del hielo seco e incluya información de contacto de emergencia.
Consejos prácticos y sugerencias
La ventilación importa: No coloque hielo seco en los habitáculos. Transpórtelo en el maletero o en el área de carga con las ventanas ligeramente abiertas para permitir que escape el gas CO₂..
Equipo de protección personal: Los niños no deben manipular hielo seco.; adults must use insulated gloves, gafas y pinzas.
Training and emergency planning: Sólo personal capacitado debe manipular envíos de hielo seco.. Always include emergency response information with the package.
Caso real: An international shipping company reduced packaging incidents by 30 % after implementing mandatory PPE and ventilation guidelines for all shipments involving sublimation dry ice pack sheets.
What Cost Factors Should You Consider When Choosing Sublimation Dry Ice Pack Sheets?
Evaluating Upfront and Lifecycle Costs
Sublimation dry ice packs may have higher upfront costs than traditional pellets, but the overall lifecycle savings can be substantial. Packs with protective shells and gel layers slow sublimation, reducing the amount of dry ice required and minimizing waste. Reusable pack sheets also spread their cost across multiple shipments. En cambio, pelletized dry ice is single use and must be replaced each time.
When calculating costs, considerar:
Material and manufacturing cost: Dry ice pellets are inexpensive per pound, but require constant replenishment. Pack sheets cost more but can be reused.
Handling and training expenses: Sublimation packs reduce the need for special handling gear and extensive training, lowering labor costs.
Cumplimiento regulatorio: Hazardous materials regulations require documentation and labeling. Each non compliant shipment can result in fines and delays.
Waste and disposal: Dry ice pellets leave behind no residue but generate CO₂ gas; disposal requires vented facilities. Hybrid solutions using pack sheets and PCMs reduce overall dry ice usage.
Optimizing Your Budget
A few strategies can stretch your budget:
Utilice refrigeración híbrida: As the real world case shows, combining pack sheets, pellets and PCMs can reduce dry ice consumption by 20 % mientras mantiene el rendimiento.
Compra al por mayor: Partner with suppliers to secure long term contracts or bulk pricing. In times of CO₂ shortage, priority access to dry ice ensures consistency and cost control.
Aislamiento mejorado: Invest in high quality vacuum insulated shippers and reflective covers; improved insulation can lower the amount of dry ice needed.
Reuse and refurbishment: Some suppliers offer take back programs for pack sheets; refurbishing extends their lifespan and spreads cost across shipments.
Ejemplo del mundo real: During a CO₂ shortage in 2025, a global vaccine distributor signed a long term supply contract and adopted hybrid cooling systems. By mixing sublimation pack sheets with PCMs, they cut dry ice usage by 25 % and avoided price spikes.
Implementation Strategy: How to Integrate Sublimation Dry Ice Pack Sheets Into Your Operations?
Adopting sublimation packs requires a structured approach to maximize their benefits. Follow these steps for smooth integration:
Evalúe sus necesidades térmicas: Identificar el rango de temperatura objetivo, duración del envío y sensibilidad del producto. If your products need –70 °C or colder for less than 72 horas, pack sheets or hybrid systems may suffice; for extended durations, integrate PCMs.
Pilot and test: Start with small shipments to fine tune the number of packs and layering sequence. Monitor temperature data with data loggers to ensure compliance.
Estandarizar procedimientos: Create packing instructions, checklists and training materials. Standard procedures reduce mistakes and help staff handle the packs safely.
Monitorear y mejorar: Collect performance data and calculate sublimation rates per route. Adjust pack quantities or add insulation as needed. Pre chill containers and products to reduce sublimation by up to 15 %.
ROI evaluado: Compare costs and outcomes with pellet-only or gel-pack solutions. Factor in savings from reduced waste, mano de obra, training and compliance costs.
Estudio de caso: A regional seafood exporter implemented a pilot program using sublimation pack sheets and found that consistent pre-chilling and standardized packing reduced product damage claims by 40 %. This data justified a full rollout across all routes.
2025 Trends and Developments in Sublimation Dry Ice Pack Sheets
Descripción general de la tendencia
The dry ice market is evolving rapidly in 2025. Restricciones de suministro de CO₂, cost volatility, geopolitical pressures and sustainability goals are shaping the cold chain landscape. Dry ice consumption has grown aproximadamente 5 % por año, mientras que el suministro de CO₂ ha aumentado sólo 0.5 %. Los precios al contado pueden aumentar arriba a 300 % durante las crisis de suministro. A pesar de estos desafíos, demand for dry ice is projected to drive the market from Dólar estadounidense 1.54 mil millones en 2024 a Dólar estadounidense 2.73 mil millones por 2032—a compound annual growth rate of 7.4 %. Growth is fueled by food shipping, vaccine distribution and industrial applications such as dry ice blasting.
Últimos desarrollos de un vistazo
Localized CO₂ capture: Manufacturers are building on-site CO₂ capture facilities at food processing plants to secure dry ice supply and reduce transportation losses.
Diversification of cooling strategies: Shippers mix dry ice with PCMs and improve insulation to stretch each pound further. Hybrid solutions reduce reliance on dry ice during supply constraints.
Bio-based carbon capture: Bioethanol plants capture CO₂ released during fermentation and convert it into food-grade dry ice, creating a circular and lower-carbon supply chain.
Ideas del mercado
Sustainability and regulatory pressures encourage the adoption of reusable pack sheets, PCMs and hybrid cooling systems. Buyers demand lower-carbon dry ice produced via bio-based or direct-air capture processes. Improved insulation materials—such as vacuum insulated panels and curbside-recyclable foams—reduce dry ice requirements. As supply remains tight and environmental expectations rise, sublimation pack sheets paired with PCMs offer resilience and sustainability.
Preguntas frecuentes
How long do sublimation dry ice pack sheets typically last?
Most pack sheets maintain ultra cold temperatures for 36–72 horas depending on size and insulation. Hybrid systems with pellets and PCMs can extend duration beyond 72 horas.
Can I reuse sublimation pack sheets?
Sí. Pack sheets are designed for reuse; clean and refreeze them according to manufacturer guidelines. Con el tiempo, the protective shell may wear, so inspect for damage before each use.
What’s the sublimation rate of dry ice?
El hielo seco se sublima aproximadamente 3–8 pounds per day in typical containers. In insulated shippers, the rate is roughly 10 libras por 24 horas por cada 100 libras de hielo seco. Pre-chilling and using pack sheets can reduce sublimation by 15 % o más.
Do I need to label shipments using pack sheets?
Sí. Even though pack sheets contain dry ice, you must label packages as “Dry Ice” with net weight and include the UN 1845 identificador. Los aviones de pasajeros limitan el hielo seco a 2.5 kg por paquete, mientras que los vuelos de carga permiten hasta 200 kilos.
Are sublimation pack sheets environmentally friendly?
Pack sheets are reusable and reduce the amount of dry ice required, which lowers CO₂ emissions and waste. Sin embargo, dry ice is still derived from industrial CO₂, so sourcing from bio-based capture can further reduce carbon footprint.
Resumen y recomendaciones
Sublimation dry ice pack sheets leverage solid CO₂’s unique ability to sublimate a –78,5 °C, providing moisture free, ultra cold temperatures for 36–72 hours. Their protective shells and optional gel layers slow sublimation, making them safer and easier to handle than pellets. Cuando se usa correctamente, these packs minimizar el daño al producto, extend hold times y reduce CO₂ exposure. To implement them successfully, contenedores pre-enfriados, seguir layering protocols y adhere to safety guidelines. Hybrid cooling strategies combining pack sheets, pellets and PCMs can extend duration and cut dry ice consumption by up to 20 %. Given the volatile CO₂ market y growing sustainability expectations, investing in sublimation pack sheets now positions your business for resilience in 2025 y más allá.
Próximos pasos viables
Evalúe sus envíos: Identify which products require –20 °C to –70 °C conditions and for how long.
Select the right pack format: Choose pellets for rapid freezing, pack sheets for longer durations, or gel sheets for balanced cooling.
Adopte soluciones híbridas: Layer pellets, pack sheets and PCMs to optimize performance and reduce CO₂ use.
Entrena a tu equipo: Implement standardized procedures for activation, packing and safety.
Monitorear las tendencias del mercado: Stay informed about CO₂ supply, pricing and sustainability innovations.
Siguiendo estos pasos, you’ll ensure your shipments stay ultra cold, your staff stays safe and your operations remain cost effective.
Acerca de Tempk
En Templ, Nos especializamos en soluciones innovadoras de envasado en cadena de frío, including sublimation dry ice pack sheets, Paquetes de gel y materiales de cambio de fase.. With decades of expertise and a global research and development center, we design products that balance rendimiento térmico, seguridad y sostenibilidad. Our reusable packs and hybrid systems help customers reduce dry ice consumption, lower regulatory burdens and maintain product integrity across food, pharma and biotech industries.
Our team is here to help you choose the right solution for your unique cold chain challenges. Get in touch to discuss your requirements or request a customized quotation.
