Imaginez-vous expédier une boîte de vaccins ou de fruits de mer frais à travers les continents sans vous soucier de la fonte des glaces ou des emballages détrempés.. UN sublimation dry ice pack sheet makes that possible by taking advantage of dry ice’s unique property of sublimation—transitioning from solid to gas at –78.5 °C (–109,3 ° F). This process absorbs heat without leaving liquid residue, maintaining ultra cold temperatures between –20 °C and –78 °C for up to 72 heures. In this article you’ll learn how these sheets work, how to use them safely and why they’re a smart choice for 2025 cold chain operations. Ready to keep your cargo dry and your business compliant? Let’s get started.
What is a sublimation dry ice pack sheet? Learn how these sheets harness CO₂ sublimation for moisture free freezing.
How does sublimation ensure consistent ultra cold temperatures? Understand the science and find out how to maximize performance.
What types of sublimation packs exist and when should you use each? Compare pellets, emballer des feuilles, gel sheets and PCMs.
How can you handle, pack and transport these sheets safely? Follow step by step guidance to minimize risks.
What are the cost considerations and latest trends for 2025? See how market dynamics and sustainability goals shape your choices.
What Is a Sublimation Dry Ice Pack Sheet and How Does It Work?
A sublimation dry ice pack sheet is a protective enclosure containing solid carbon dioxide (glace carbonique) that gradually turns into gas, keeping your shipment extremely cold without creating meltwater. Lorsqu'il est exposé à des températures plus chaudes, the dry ice inside the sheet se sublime à –78,5 °C, absorbing heat from the environment while releasing carbon dioxide gas. Parce qu'il n'y a pas de phase liquide, moisture sensitive products—such as vaccines, cell cultures or seafood—stay dry and undamaged. Vented packaging allows the gas to escape so pressure doesn’t build up.
Why Sublimation Beats Melting Ice
Dry ice sublimation is fundamentally different from water ice melting. La glace d'eau fond à 0 °C and produces liquid water, which can damage packaging or dilute pharmaceuticals. Par contre, la glace carbonique est du CO₂ solide and its sublimation temperature of –78.5 °C ensures that goods remain frozen. The outer shell of a sublimation pack sheet slows the sublimation rate, allowing it to maintain extremely cold conditions for 24–72 heures. Some designs incorporate a gel layer around the dry ice core to distribute cold evenly and further slow sublimation.
Think of a sublimation dry ice pack sheet as a batterie froide: it stores ultra cold energy and releases it gradually by turning solid CO₂ into gas. There’s no leakage to clean up and no soggy packaging to ruin your products.
Types of Sublimation Cooling Solutions
Not all sublimation packs are created equal. Manufacturers offer different formats tailored to shipment size, temperature requirements and duration. The main types are summarized below:
| Méthode de refroidissement | Plage de température | Durée typique | Importance pratique |
| Granulés de glace carbonique | –78,5 ° C | 24–48 heures | Assurer une congélation instantanée immédiate pour les vaccins et les échantillons biotechnologiques; require protective gear and venting due to rapid sublimation |
| Feuilles de glace carbonique | –40 °C à –60 °C | 36–72 heures | Offre un refroidissement progressif et des temps de maintien plus longs; reusable and easier to handle than pellets; minimiser l’exposition au CO₂ |
| Gel sheet dry ice packs | –78,5 °C à –20 °C | 24–48 heures | Combine a dry ice core with a gel layer to slow sublimation and distribute cold evenly |
| Packs de gel (water based) | 0 °C à –20 °C | 12–24 heures | Convient aux produits réfrigérés; reusable and inexpensive but not cold enough for frozen shipments |
| Matériaux à changement de phase (PCM) | Personnalisable (2–8 ° C, –20 ° C, etc.) | 24–96 heures | Maintenir des températures stables sans être dangereux; higher upfront cost but reusable and easier to comply with regulations |
User Tips and Suggestions
Expéditions de vaccins: Use pellet based sublimation packs inside high performance vacuum insulated shippers. Vaccines often need temperatures below –70 °C; les pellets offrent un refroidissement rapide et, en combinaison avec une isolation, maintain stability for 48 heures.
Fruits de mer et viande surgelés: Choose pack sheets or gel sheet packs for –29 °C to –40 °C shipments lasting two to three days. Ces packs sont réutilisables, réduire l'exposition au CO₂ et minimiser les brûlures de congélation.
Refroidissement hybride pour les longs trajets: Pour des voyages au-delà 72 heures, combiner les pellets, pack sheets and PCMs. Layer pellets at the bottom, pack sheets around the cargo and PCMs on top; cela peut prolonger le temps de maintien de 25 % et réduisez la consommation de glace carbonique d'environ 18 %.
Cas du monde réel: Une entreprise de biotechnologie expédiant des vaccins à ARNm utilise 8 kg of dry ice pellets at the bottom of a 30 L vacuum insulated shipper, deux feuilles de glace carbonique à 24 cellules autour des flacons et des packs PCM sur le dessus. Ce système hybride maintient des températures inférieures à –70 °C pendant 60 heures and cuts dry ice usage by roughly 20 % par rapport aux pellets seuls.
How to Use Sublimation Dry Ice Pack Sheets Safely and Comply With Regulations?
Sublimation dry ice pack sheets are safe when handled correctly, mais une mauvaise utilisation peut provoquer des engelures, asphyxiation or pressure explosions. Because dry ice turns into CO₂ gas, you must provide ventilation and avoid airtight containers. Proper labeling and adherence to airline and shipping regulations are also essential.
Direct Safety Guidelines
Portez un équipement de protection: Always handle dry ice packs with insulated gloves, des lunettes et des manches longues pour éviter les engelures.
Utiliser des conteneurs ventilés: Vented or semi vented packaging allows CO₂ gas to escape, preventing pressure buildup that could cause an explosion.
Étiquette et document: Packages should be labeled “Dry Ice” or “Carbon Dioxide, Solide,” include net weight and the UN 1845 identifiant de danger. Suivez IATA PI 954 et les lignes directrices du DOT; les avions de passagers limitent souvent la glace carbonique à 2.5 kg par forfait, tandis que les vols cargo permettent jusqu'à 200 kg.
Expanded Safety Explanation
Solid CO₂ poses three main hazards: asphyxation, frostbite and explosion. As CO₂ gas accumulates, il peut déplacer l'oxygène dans des espaces confinés; donc, always handle dry ice in well ventilated areas and avoid storing it in closed refrigerators or vehicles. À –79 °C, direct skin contact causes frostbite almost instantly, so insulated gloves and tongs are necessary. Dry ice expands approximately 1:554 when converting from solid to gas; sealing it in airtight containers can cause pressure buildup and explosions, so use specialized shippers with vent holes. Packages must include hazard labels and emergency contact information.
Processus d'emballage étape par étape
Préparation: Hydratez les feuilles de paquet réutilisables (le cas échéant), soak them and freeze flat. Freeze your product to the desired temperature.
Pré-refroidir le récipient: Placez la boîte isotherme au congélateur ou pré-refroidissez-la avec des packs de gel. Preconditioning can reduce sublimation by up to 15 %.
Lower layer: Ajoutez la quantité requise de pellets ou une feuille d'emballage en bas.
Couche tampon: Placez une couche de carton ou de mousse sur la neige carbonique pour éviter tout contact direct avec votre produit et éviter les brûlures du congélateur..
Load your items: Insert products, remplir les vides avec un matériau de rembourrage pour éviter les poches d'air chaud.
Upper layer: Ajoutez plus de feuilles de paquet ou de granulés sur le dessus pour maintenir une température uniforme.
Aérer et fermer: Assurez-vous que le récipient est ventilé et fermez le couvercle sans le sceller hermétiquement..
Étiquette et document: Apposez des étiquettes de danger, notez le poids net de la neige carbonique et incluez les coordonnées des personnes à contacter en cas d'urgence.
Conseils pratiques et suggestions
La ventilation est importante: Ne placez pas de neige carbonique dans les compartiments passagers. Transportez-le dans le coffre ou dans le compartiment à bagages avec les fenêtres légèrement ouvertes pour permettre au gaz CO₂ de s'échapper..
Équipement de protection individuelle: Les enfants ne doivent pas manipuler de glace carbonique; adults must use insulated gloves, lunettes et pinces.
Training and emergency planning: Seul un personnel qualifié doit gérer les expéditions de glace carbonique. Always include emergency response information with the package.
Cas réel: An international shipping company reduced packaging incidents by 30 % after implementing mandatory PPE and ventilation guidelines for all shipments involving sublimation dry ice pack sheets.
What Cost Factors Should You Consider When Choosing Sublimation Dry Ice Pack Sheets?
Evaluating Upfront and Lifecycle Costs
Sublimation dry ice packs may have higher upfront costs than traditional pellets, but the overall lifecycle savings can be substantial. Packs with protective shells and gel layers slow sublimation, reducing the amount of dry ice required and minimizing waste. Reusable pack sheets also spread their cost across multiple shipments. Inversement, pelletized dry ice is single use and must be replaced each time.
When calculating costs, considérer:
Material and manufacturing cost: Dry ice pellets are inexpensive per pound, but require constant replenishment. Pack sheets cost more but can be reused.
Handling and training expenses: Sublimation packs reduce the need for special handling gear and extensive training, lowering labor costs.
Conformité réglementaire: Hazardous materials regulations require documentation and labeling. Each non compliant shipment can result in fines and delays.
Waste and disposal: Dry ice pellets leave behind no residue but generate CO₂ gas; disposal requires vented facilities. Hybrid solutions using pack sheets and PCMs reduce overall dry ice usage.
Optimizing Your Budget
A few strategies can stretch your budget:
Utiliser le refroidissement hybride: As the real world case shows, combining pack sheets, pellets and PCMs can reduce dry ice consumption by 20 % tout en conservant les performances.
Achats groupés: Partner with suppliers to secure long term contracts or bulk pricing. In times of CO₂ shortage, priority access to dry ice ensures consistency and cost control.
Isolation améliorée: Invest in high quality vacuum insulated shippers and reflective covers; improved insulation can lower the amount of dry ice needed.
Reuse and refurbishment: Some suppliers offer take back programs for pack sheets; refurbishing extends their lifespan and spreads cost across shipments.
Exemple du monde réel: During a CO₂ shortage in 2025, a global vaccine distributor signed a long term supply contract and adopted hybrid cooling systems. By mixing sublimation pack sheets with PCMs, they cut dry ice usage by 25 % and avoided price spikes.
Implementation Strategy: How to Integrate Sublimation Dry Ice Pack Sheets Into Your Operations?
Adopting sublimation packs requires a structured approach to maximize their benefits. Follow these steps for smooth integration:
Évaluez vos besoins thermiques: Identify the target temperature range, durée d'expédition et sensibilité du produit. If your products need –70 °C or colder for less than 72 heures, pack sheets or hybrid systems may suffice; for extended durations, integrate PCMs.
Pilot and test: Start with small shipments to fine tune the number of packs and layering sequence. Monitor temperature data with data loggers to ensure compliance.
Standardiser les procédures: Create packing instructions, checklists and training materials. Standard procedures reduce mistakes and help staff handle the packs safely.
Surveiller et améliorer: Collect performance data and calculate sublimation rates per route. Adjust pack quantities or add insulation as needed. Pre chill containers and products to reduce sublimation by up to 15 %.
ROI évalué: Compare costs and outcomes with pellet-only or gel-pack solutions. Factor in savings from reduced waste, travail, training and compliance costs.
Étude de cas: A regional seafood exporter implemented a pilot program using sublimation pack sheets and found that consistent pre-chilling and standardized packing reduced product damage claims by 40 %. This data justified a full rollout across all routes.
2025 Trends and Developments in Sublimation Dry Ice Pack Sheets
Aperçu de la tendance
The dry ice market is evolving rapidly in 2025. Contraintes d’approvisionnement en CO₂, cost volatility, geopolitical pressures and sustainability goals are shaping the cold chain landscape. Dry ice consumption has grown environ 5 % par année, while CO₂ supply has increased only 0.5 %. Les prix au comptant peuvent augmenter jusqu'à 300 % lors de crises d’approvisionnement. Malgré ces défis, demand for dry ice is projected to drive the market from USD 1.54 milliards en 2024 à USD 2.73 milliards 2032—un taux de croissance annuel composé de 7.4 %. La croissance est alimentée par le transport de produits alimentaires, vaccine distribution and industrial applications such as dry ice blasting.
Derniers développements en un coup d'œil
Localized CO₂ capture: Manufacturers are building on-site CO₂ capture facilities at food processing plants to secure dry ice supply and reduce transportation losses.
Diversification of cooling strategies: Shippers mix dry ice with PCMs and improve insulation to stretch each pound further. Hybrid solutions reduce reliance on dry ice during supply constraints.
Bio-based carbon capture: Bioethanol plants capture CO₂ released during fermentation and convert it into food-grade dry ice, creating a circular and lower-carbon supply chain.
Insistance au marché
Sustainability and regulatory pressures encourage the adoption of reusable pack sheets, PCMs and hybrid cooling systems. Buyers demand lower-carbon dry ice produced via bio-based or direct-air capture processes. Improved insulation materials—such as vacuum insulated panels and curbside-recyclable foams—reduce dry ice requirements. As supply remains tight and environmental expectations rise, sublimation pack sheets paired with PCMs offer resilience and sustainability.
Questions fréquemment posées
How long do sublimation dry ice pack sheets typically last?
Most pack sheets maintain ultra cold temperatures for 36–72 heures en fonction de la taille et de l'isolation. Hybrid systems with pellets and PCMs can extend duration beyond 72 heures.
Can I reuse sublimation pack sheets?
Oui. Pack sheets are designed for reuse; clean and refreeze them according to manufacturer guidelines. Au fil du temps, the protective shell may wear, so inspect for damage before each use.
What’s the sublimation rate of dry ice?
La glace sèche se sublime à environ 3–8 pounds per day in typical containers. Dans les expéditeurs isolés, the rate is roughly 10 lbs par 24 heures pour chaque 100 livres de glace carbonique. Pre-chilling and using pack sheets can reduce sublimation by 15 % ou plus.
Do I need to label shipments using pack sheets?
Oui. Even though pack sheets contain dry ice, you must label packages as “Dry Ice” with net weight and include the UN 1845 identifiant. Les avions de passagers limitent la glace carbonique à 2.5 kg par forfait, tandis que les vols cargo permettent jusqu'à 200 kg.
Are sublimation pack sheets environmentally friendly?
Pack sheets are reusable and reduce the amount of dry ice required, which lowers CO₂ emissions and waste. Cependant, dry ice is still derived from industrial CO₂, so sourcing from bio-based capture can further reduce carbon footprint.
Résumé et recommandations
Sublimation dry ice pack sheets leverage solid CO₂’s unique ability to sublimate à –78,5 °C, providing moisture free, ultra cold temperatures for 36–72 hours. Their protective shells and optional gel layers slow sublimation, making them safer and easier to handle than pellets. Lorsqu'il est utilisé correctement, these packs minimiser les dommages au produit, extend hold times et reduce CO₂ exposure. To implement them successfully, conteneurs de pré-refroidissement, suivre layering protocols et adhere to safety guidelines. Hybrid cooling strategies combining pack sheets, pellets and PCMs can extend duration and cut dry ice consumption by up to 20 %. Given the volatile CO₂ market et growing sustainability expectations, investing in sublimation pack sheets now positions your business for resilience in 2025 et au-delà.
Étapes suivantes
Évaluez vos expéditions: Identify which products require –20 °C to –70 °C conditions and for how long.
Select the right pack format: Choose pellets for rapid freezing, pack sheets for longer durations, or gel sheets for balanced cooling.
Adopter des solutions hybrides: Layer pellets, pack sheets and PCMs to optimize performance and reduce CO₂ use.
Formez votre équipe: Implement standardized procedures for activation, packing and safety.
Surveiller les tendances du marché: Stay informed about CO₂ supply, pricing and sustainability innovations.
En suivant ces étapes, you’ll ensure your shipments stay ultra cold, your staff stays safe and your operations remain cost effective.
À propos du tempk
À Rotation, Nous nous spécialisons dans les solutions d'innovation d'emballage de la chaîne froide, including sublimation dry ice pack sheets, packs de gel et matériaux à changement de phase. With decades of expertise and a global research and development center, we design products that balance performances thermiques, sécurité et durabilité. Our reusable packs and hybrid systems help customers reduce dry ice consumption, lower regulatory burdens and maintain product integrity across food, pharma and biotech industries.
Our team is here to help you choose the right solution for your unique cold chain challenges. Get in touch to discuss your requirements or request a customized quotation.
