Keeping temperature sensitive goods safe during transport isn’t just about putting ice in a box—it’s about choosing the right refrigerant and packaging. Dry ice bags and dry ice packs are now central to modern cold chain logistics because they provide ultra low temperatures without adding moisture. As new materials and smart sensors emerge, solusi ini terus berkembang. In this guide you’ll learn how dry ice bags and packs work, why they’re crucial for food, pharmaceuticals and e commerce deliveries, and what innovations are reshaping cold chain operations in 2025.
Understand what dry ice bags and dry ice packs are – including how they’re made and why they’re different from traditional gel packs.
Compare performance, biaya dan keberlanjutan es kering, paket es kering premium, PCM bricks and gel packs.
Ikuti pedoman keselamatan dan peraturan to package dry ice properly and avoid hazards.
Size and handle dry ice packs effectively using practical formulas and tips.
Mengeksplorasi 2025 inovasi dan tren seperti sensor IoT, blockchain traceability and portable cryogenic freezers.
What Are Dry Ice Bags and Dry Ice Packs?
Kantong es kering are insulated shipping bags designed to hold dry ice or dry ice packs. They typically feature multiple layers of insulation and a leak proof outer shell to prevent condensation and CO₂ vapor from escaping. Paket es kering, also called dry type ice packs, are portable refrigerant modules made from Polimer Penyerap Super (GETAH) and non woven or permeable films that absorb water, form a gel and then freeze. Berbeda dengan air beku, dry ice packs do not create melt water; alih-alih, the gel inside slowly releases ultra cold temperatures as it sublimates.
Cara Kerja Paket Es Kering
Dry ice packs usually consist of three layers: sebuah lapisan luar of polyethylene or non woven fabric for strength and permeability, A SAP layer that absorbs water and forms a gel, dan a leak proof composite film untuk mencegah kebocoran. To activate a pack, you immerse it in water for several minutes until the SAP absorbs water and swells. Setelah dibekukan, the gel slowly releases its stored cold energy. Because the packs remain somewhat flexible after freezing, they can conform to the shape of the products, improving cooling efficiency.
| Komponen | Fungsi | Manfaat bagi Anda |
| Lapisan luar (PE or non woven) | Provides permeability and structural strength | Prevents tearing and allows CO₂ vapor to escape safely |
| SAP layer | Absorbs and locks in water to form a stable gel | Creates long lasting cold without melt water |
| Film anti bocor | Adds a safety barrier to contain the gel | Minimizes risk of leaks during transport |
Dry Ice Bags vs Dry Ice Packs
Dry ice bags and dry ice packs complement each other but serve different purposes. Itu tas acts as the insulated container, often made from multi layer materials like high density polyethylene (HDPE) and reflective foil. It holds the refrigerant and cargo, preventing heat ingress. A Paket es kering is the refrigerant itself. Modern premium packs use HDPE or EVA shells around a PCM matrix and insulated liner to hold –78.5 °C for 72–120 jam, whereas ordinary dry ice typically lasts 24–48 jam. Because premium packs are reusable for 100–200 siklus, they significantly reduce waste and total shipping cost.
Why Choose Dry Ice Bags and Packs for Cold Chain Shipping?
Superior Temperature Control and Flexibility
Traditional gel packs can become rigid when frozen, and their cooling performance degrades quickly. Dry ice packs remain flexible, allowing them to conform to products and maintain consistent temperatures. Mereka ringan dan kompak, saving storage space. Premium designs leverage composite shells, PCM matrices and insulated liners, giving them five times longer hold time than single use gel or dry ice packs. For vaccines and biologics requiring ultra cold conditions, dry ice packs can maintain –78,5 °C for multiple days.
Safety and Environmental Friendliness
The base materials in dry ice packs—non toxic SAP and water—do not contaminate products, and any leakage poses minimal environmental risk. Premium packs integrate safety features such as enclosed shells that prevent direct contact with solid CO₂, reducing the risk of cold burns. Because they are reusable, premium packs cut packaging waste and carbon footprint; some solutions such as the Marken InfiniDI reduce dry ice use by 50 % dan mengurangi limbah hingga 90 %.
Cost Effectiveness and Reusability
Although dry ice has a low per shipment cost, it must be replenished for each use and is classified as hazardous. Premium dry ice packs require a higher upfront investment but can be reused dozens or even hundreds of times, lowering total cost per shipment. Compared with gel packs or –21 °C PCM bricks, premium packs provide longer hold times and more reuse cycles. Menurut riset pasar, the global reusable icepacks market was sekitar $1.2 miliar masuk 2023 dan diperkirakan akan tercapai $2.5 miliar oleh 2032, driven by health, food and sustainability trends.
Pertimbangan Keamanan dan Peraturan
Bahaya Es Kering
Es kering adalah bentuk padat karbon dioksida. At approximately –110 ° F. (–78,5 °C), itu menyublim langsung menjadi gas, so it keeps products cold without creating liquid water. Namun, dry ice itself is hazardous: it can cause frostbite on contact and can displace oxygen in confined spaces, menyebabkan sesak napas. Packages that don’t allow proper venting may explode from CO₂ buildup.
Regulations for Air and Ground Transport
Es kering diatur sebagai Dan 1845 and classified as a Kelas 9 bahan berbahaya. Saat pengiriman melalui udara, packages must comply with IATA Packing Instruction 954, include the proper shipping name, Nomor PBB, net weight of dry ice and Class 9 label bahaya. Packaging must allow CO₂ gas to escape—sealed plastic bags or metal containers are prohibited. The maximum allowable amount of dry ice per package in air transport is 200 kg. FedEx notes that plastic coolers must have openings to ensure ventilation and recommends using quality fiberboard, plastic or wooden boxes with polystyrene insulation.
Di Amerika Serikat, dry ice is not regulated for ground transport if packaged correctly, but packages must still be marked with the shipper and recipient’s names and addresses, the proper shipping name and UN number. Training in dangerous goods regulations is required for anyone preparing dry ice shipments.
Best Practices for Safe Handling
Wear protective gloves and goggles when handling dry ice to prevent frostbite and eye injury.
Izinkan ventilasi: never place dry ice or dry ice packs inside sealed containers. Use insulated bags or boxes with vents.
Beri label dengan jelas: mark packages with “Dry Ice” (atau “karbon dioksida, Padat"), itu Dan 1845 number and the net weight.
Jangan overfill: ikuti 200 kg limit for air shipments and adjust the amount based on container size and duration.
Include instructions for crew: note in the airway bill that the package contains dry ice.
Dry Ice vs PCM vs Gel: Analisis Komparatif
Dry ice isn’t the only refrigerant for cold chain shipments. Bahan perubahan fase (PCM) Dan Paket gel offer alternatives. PCM packs absorb and release heat at predefined temperatures, biasanya antara +2 °C dan –20 °C, and are reusable and non hazardous. Paket gel membeku 0 °C and provide chilled conditions. To help you choose, the following table compares typical hold time, siklus kembali, temperature range and practical benefits:
| Jenis Pendingin | Waktu penahanan yang khas (H) | Siklus kembali | Kisaran suhu | Apa artinya bagimu |
| Paket es kering premium | 72–120 | 100–200 | –78,5 °C | Offers deep freeze integrity for multi day routes with lower total cost per shipment |
| Paket es kering standar | 24–48 | 10–20 | –78,5 °C | Suitable for overnight or two day shipments but generates more waste |
| –21 °C batu bata PCM | 24–72 | 12–24 | –21 °C | Ideal for ice cream lanes or partial freeze shipments; penanganan lebih mudah |
| 0 Paket gel °C | 24–48 | 10–20 | 0 ° C. | Terbaik untuk makanan dingin; not suitable for deep frozen items |
| PCM yang dapat digunakan kembali (2–8 ° C.) | 48–96 | 50–100 | +2 °C hingga –20 °C | Offers stable temperatures with minimal regulatory burdens and reduced CO₂ emissions |
Pertimbangan Biaya dan Keberlanjutan
Dry ice is inexpensive per shipment but must be replaced each time and contributes to CO₂ emissions. AS. Department of Transportation and IATA classify it as hazardous, memerlukan pelabelan dan pelatihan. PCMs and gel packs have higher upfront costs but are reusable and non hazardous, menyederhanakan kepatuhan. Premium dry ice packs bridge the gap: they still use dry ice but integrate PCM matrices and smart insulation to reduce sublimation by up to 30 %, extend hold time and cut re icing touch points.
Contoh Dunia Nyata: A frozen meal brand switched from four small gel packs to two high mass premium dry ice packs. The change cut packing time by about 25 % and maintained –20 °C for 48 jam during July’s hot lanes. The longer hold time and reduced labor improved efficiency and reduced waste.
Sizing and Handling Dry Ice Packs: Tips Praktis
Right Sizing the Refrigerant
For medium sized insulated shippers (20–30 liter), Mulailah dengan 5–7 lb (2.3–3,2kg) es kering per 24 jam. Increase to 10–15 lb for 40–60 L boxes over 48 jam dan 18–22 pon for 60–80 L boxes over 72 jam, adding insulation for hot routes. A simple formula from Tempk multiplies box volume by duration and applies multipliers for ambient conditions and insulation:
# Dry ice mass estimatordef estimate_dry_ice_mass(volume_liters, duration_hours, ambient=’moderate’, insulation=’good’):
“””Perkirakan massa es kering (lb) based on volume, lamanya, ambient temperature and insulation.”””
massa_dasar = 0.25 * volume_liters * (duration_hours / 24) # baseline for moderate ambient & isolasi yang bagus
ambient_multiplier = {'Dingin': 0.9, 'sedang': 1.0, 'panas': 1.35}[ambient]
isolasi_pengganda = {'Bagus': 1.0, 'lebih baik': 0.8, 'terbaik': 0.65}[isolasi]
return round(base_mass * ambient_multiplier * insulation_multiplier, 1)
# Example usage:
required_mass = estimate_dry_ice_mass(volume_liters=40, duration_hours=48, ambient=’hot’, insulation=’better’)mencetak(F”Estimated dry ice mass: {required_mass} lb”)
Tip Penanganan
Produk dan pelapis sebelum didinginkan to slow sublimation and maximize hold time.
Gunakan spacer dan aliran udara: leave space around the packs or surround the payload with dry ice to improve contact and airflow.
Insulasi Lapisan: combine foil or vapor barriers with expanded polystyrene (EPS) atau panel berinsulasi vakum (VIP) to boost thermal resistance.
Adjust mass for weather: double the dry ice mass for hot lanes; add a 25–50 % buffer and validate with a data logger.
Validasi dengan pencatat data: insert temperature and humidity data loggers to ensure the shipment stays within required ranges.
2025 Innovations and Trends in Cold Chain Logistics
IoT Enabled Monitoring and Predictive Analytics
Cold chain monitoring solutions now use sensor, Data Loggers, GPS trackers and cloud platforms to provide real time temperature and humidity data. These systems send alerts when deviations occur, allowing immediate corrective action and reducing waste. The market for cold chain monitoring was valued at USD 5.3 miliar masuk 2022 and is expected to mencapai Rp 10.2 miliar oleh 2026, tumbuh di a CAGR dari 16.6 %. Grand View Research estimates the market at USD 35.03 miliar masuk 2024 with a projected 23 % CAGR dari 2025 ke 2030, reflecting rapid adoption driven by regulations and IoT advances.
Blockchain untuk Ketertelusuran
Blockchain technology creates a tamper proof ledger of shipment events, memastikan ketertelusuran ujung ke ujung. Real time logs of temperature, humidity and travel time can be shared with stakeholders to enhance trust and compliance. This is particularly valuable for pharmaceuticals, where data integrity and IP protection are critical.
Penyimpanan Dingin Bertenaga Surya
Di daerah dengan listrik yang tidak dapat diandalkan, unit penyimpanan dingin bertenaga surya provide sustainable solutions for temperature sensitive medicines. Solar installations can reduce energy costs—commercial solar rates range from 3.2 ke 15.5 sen per kWh, dibandingkan dengan 13.10 sen from utility grids. This helps bridge energy gaps in rural areas and lowers operating costs.
Smart Sensors and AI Driven Route Optimisation
IoT sensors with GPS functionality monitor temperature and location in real time. When unsafe temperatures are detected, the system automatically alerts operators via text or app notifications. Integrating artificial intelligence allows route optimisation based on real time traffic and weather data, reducing transit times and the risk of temperature excursions. Predictive analytics identify potential failures before they occur, further enhancing reliability.
Freezer Kriogenik Portabel
For biologics and cell therapies needing –80 °C hingga –150 °C, portable cryogenic freezers provide mobile ultra cold storage. These devices support last mile delivery of advanced therapies and represent an emerging segment of the cold chain equipment market.
Material and Design Innovation
Manufacturers are developing new absorbent materials and polymers that reduce dry ice loss by hingga 30 %. Modular designs allow shippers to customise insulation thickness, lowering freight costs and emissions. Integrated IoT sensors and industry standards like INILAH SATU Rekor Dan GS1 EPCIS 2.0 enable connected packaging that shares sensor data end to end.
FAQ (Pertanyaan yang sering diajukan)
Q1: What’s the difference between a dry ice bag and a dry ice pack?
Dry ice bags are insulated containers designed to hold refrigerants and products, while dry ice packs are the cold source itself. Packs contain SAP and freeze to provide cold without water.
Q2: Berapa lama paket es kering bertahan?
Standard dry ice packs maintain ultra cold temperatures for about 24–48 jam, whereas premium packs hold –78.5 °C for 72–120 jam dan dapat digunakan kembali 100–200 kali.
Q3: Are dry ice packs safe for food shipping?
Ya. Dry ice packs use non toxic SAP and water and remain encased inside sealed shells, so any leakage poses little risk. Ensure packages allow venting and follow labeling rules.
Q4: What are the regulations for shipping dry ice?
Es kering diatur sebagai Dan 1845, Kelas 9. Air shipments must follow IATA Packing Instruction 954, include hazard labels and allow CO₂ to escape.
Q5: How do I dispose of dry ice packs?
Allow the pack to thaw and sublimate in a well ventilated area away from people and pets. Once empty, many premium packs are reusable; jika tidak, dispose of them according to local hazardous waste guidelines.
Ringkasan dan Rekomendasi
Dry ice bags and dry ice packs are indispensable tools for maintaining the integrity of temperature sensitive shipments. Dry ice packs made with SAP and non woven films provide flexible, pendinginan bebas kelembaban, ketika premium packs combine composite shells, PCM matrices and insulated liners for hold times up to 120 jam. Compared with gel packs and standard PCM bricks, premium dry ice packs offer superior cold retention and reusability. Namun, dry ice is hazardous and regulated; paket harus mengeluarkan CO₂, carry the Dan 1845 label dan ikuti aturan IATA. Emerging technologies like IoT sensors, blockchain traceability and AI route optimisation will continue to improve cold chain visibility and efficiency. For a cost effective, sustainable cold chain, choose reusable premium dry ice packs, monitor shipments with smart sensors and stay current with regulatory updates.
Langkah selanjutnya
Evaluasi kebutuhan pengiriman Anda: Determine the temperature range, shipment duration and regulatory requirements for your products.
Pilih refrigeran yang tepat: Use premium dry ice packs for deep freeze shipments, PCM for medium temperatures, dan kemasan gel untuk barang dingin.
Melaksanakan pemantauan: Invest in IoT enabled data loggers and sensors to track temperature, kelembaban dan lokasi secara real time.
Latih tim Anda: Ensure staff preparing dry ice shipments complete the required hazardous materials training.
Hubungi ahli: Consult with cold chain specialists to customise insulation, packaging and routing strategies.
Tentang tempk
Kami adalah Tempk, specialists in reusable cold chain packaging. Our product line includes paket es kering premium, Paket gel, batu bata PCM, tas terisolasi, Dan panel terisolasi vakum. We focus on sustainability—our reusable dry ice packs maintain ultra low temperatures for up to 120 hours and withstand 100–200 reuse cycles. Kami berintegrasi Sensor IoT for real time monitoring and work closely with logistics partners to optimise routes and reduce carbon emissions. Apakah Anda mengirimkan vaksin, makanan gourmet atau sampel laboratorium, we’re here to help you design compliant, cost effective and eco friendly cold chain solutions.
Panggilan untuk bertindak: Ready to upgrade your cold chain packaging? Reach out to Tempk’s experts for a custom consultation.
