What Is the Maximum Dry Ice Allowed per Package?

Itu maximum dry ice allowed per package depends on mode and operator: air cargo typically permits 200 kg under IATA PI 954, passenger baggage allows 2.5 kg, and USPS domestic air caps 5 lb. You’ll stay compliant by venting CO₂, tanda UN1845, and stating net weight in kilograms. This guide gives you simple rules, a calculator, and pack‑out checklists to avoid rejection and keep products safe.

Fast limits: Itu maximum dry ice allowed per package by air cargo, bagasi penumpang, USPS, and ground.
Compliance essentials: Label, tanda, and venting that pass acceptance checks.
Kalkulator: Convert dry ice to CO₂ gas and right‑size pack‑outs for your route and hold time.
Carrier nuances: When operators lower the ceiling and how to plan for it.
Real‑world tips: Paket vaksin, hidangan laut, and e‑commerce scenarios that ship cleanly.

How is the maximum dry ice allowed per package set in 2025?

Jawaban singkat: Kargo udara packages are typically limited to 200 kg under PI 954; bagasi penumpang adalah 2.5 kg (5.5 lb) per person/package with airline approval; USPS udara domestik adalah ≤5 lb per milPiece; tanah follows 49 CFR exceptions and operator rules. Ventilasi, “UN1845” marking, Kg net, dan kelas 9 Label are non‑negotiable.

Itu maximum dry ice allowed per package reflects safety in enclosed spaces. Dry ice sublimates to CO₂; in aircraft holds this can displace oxygen and raise pressure. Operators therefore enforce per‑package caps and sometimes per‑flight totals. Ground networks rely on venting and marking rather than a single national number. Always confirm operator variations before packing.

Ini pi 954: maximum dry ice allowed per package for air cargo

Under PI 954, you can load up to 200 kg per package when packaging releases CO₂, adalah kuat, and is correctly labeled. Airlines may set a lower ceiling by aircraft or route. For baggage, itu 2.5 kg personal limit protects passengers and crew. USPS domestic air mail caps dry ice at 5 lb per potong; heavier amounts must go surface/ground.

2025 quick limits by mode	Standard cap	Core compliance	Apa artinya bagimu
Kargo udara (Pi 954)	200 kg	Kemasan ventilasi; UN1845; Kelas 9; bersih kg	Design shipper and AWB to PI 954; verify operator caps
Bagasi penumpang	2.5 kg pp	Persetujuan Maskapai; ventilasi; mark “Dry ice” and weight	Small personal perishables only
USPS udara domestik	5 lb	Pub 52 aturan; ventilasi; tanda	Keep mailpieces ≤5 lb or switch to ground
KITA. tanah (49 CFR)	Exception ≤2.5 kg; >2.5 kg allowed with added rules	Ventilasi; tanda; carrier acceptance	Flexible but still regulated, especially in enclosed vans

Tips dan saran praktis

Pharma kit (36–72 jam): Use VIP shippers; aim 10–20 kg per package—well below the maximum dry ice allowed per package yet long‑lasting.
E‑commerce frozen foods (48 H): Choose faster service + thicker EPS to stay under USPS 5 lb air cap.
Passenger travel (seafood/meds): Mengemas ≤2.5 kg in a vented cooler; declare at check‑in.

Contohnya: A vaccine lane reduced rejections by switching to pre‑printed PI 954 labels and logging Kg net di AWB. Acceptance time dropped, and cold excursions fell on the route’s hottest month.

How do you calculate the maximum dry ice allowed per package safely?

Ide inti: 1 kg dry ice → ~541 L CO₂ gas at STP. Right‑size dry ice so expected gas fits your package’s venting capacity and the operator’s per‑package limit. Itu maximum dry ice allowed per package should never exceed either your vent capacity or the regulatory ceiling.

Use this simple two‑step method from the shipper’s perspective. Keep sentences short. Use round numbers.

Estimate gas volume: dry ice (kg) × 541 = CO₂ liters.
Check venting: Your packaging should safely relieve that gas over the trip. Jika tidak, reduce dry ice atau meningkatkan isolasi.

CO₂ ventilasi, pelabelan, and documentation behind the limit

Ventilasi: Never seal liners airtight. Lids must lift or vent.
Tanda: Mencetak “Karbon dioksida, padat (Es kering), UN1845” Dan Kg net di kotak luar.
Label: Menerapkan Kelas 9 hazard diamond; simpan net kg outside the diamond border.
Dokumen: For air cargo, termasuk UN1845 Dan Kg net di jalan udara. Some cases require a DG declaration.

Apa yang harus dicetak	Minimum detail	Penempatan	Mengapa itu penting bagi Anda
Nama pengiriman yang tepat	“Karbon dioksida, padatan "atau" es kering "	Address side	Universal identification
Nomor PBB	UN1845	With the name	Acceptance check passes faster
Net quantity	kg only (not lb)	Near address; outside label bahaya	Prevents re‑labeling delays
Class label	Kelas 9 berlian	Flat, clean surface	Visual cue for handlers

Which carriers and services change the maximum dry ice allowed per package?

Airlines and integrators can set lower caps than PI 954. Mengharapkan 2.5–10 kg caps in some express networks for standard parcel air services. Bagasi penumpang holds at 2.5 kg per person/package with airline approval. USPS caps 5 lb for domestic air; heavier pieces must move surface/ground with “Surface Mail Only” marking. Tanah carriers will carry >2.5 kg per package under additional rules—confirm acceptance first.

USPS, bagasi penumpang, and ground exceptions—how to plan

USPS AIR (≤5 lb): Upgrade insulation or compress transit time to stay under the cap.
Penumpang (2.5 kg): Declare, tanda, and use vented containers. For more volume, ship cargo.
Tanah >2.5 kg: Apply full markings and ensure driver awareness in enclosed vehicles.

2025 developments and trends shaping the maximum dry ice allowed per package

Tinjauan Tren: Di dalam 2025, cold chain programs focus on optimal—not maximal—dry ice. Smart Sensor CO₂, automated venting, Dan hybrid PCM + es kering pack‑outs reduce risk, re‑ice events, and emissions. Operators are tightening per‑flight CO₂ load planning in hot seasons and animal‑carriage routes. Update SOPs with current label formats and bigger type for Kg net readability.

Apa yang baru (sekilas)

Smart CO₂ monitoring: Real‑time gas + temperature alerts cut surprise rejections.
Hybrid pack‑outs: PCM + modest dry ice extends hold time with less total CO₂.
Acceptance UX: Carriers emphasize pre‑booking quantity checks and clear label placement.

Wawasan pasar: Biologics and gene therapies keep demand high. Reusable VIP systems and route‑specific pack‑outs reduce total dry ice while maintaining deep‑frozen lanes. Teams that model sublimation against per‑hold caps avoid last‑minute splits and delays.

Pertanyaan yang sering diajukan

Q1. What is the maximum dry ice allowed per package on air cargo?
Khas 200 kg under PI 954, but operators can set lower numbers. Book early and confirm.

Q2. What is the maximum dry ice allowed per package in passenger baggage?
2.5 kg (5.5 lb) per person/package with airline approval in a ventilasi container.

Q3. What is the maximum dry ice allowed per package in USPS domestic air?
5 lb per milPiece. Heavier pieces must travel surface/ground and be marked accordingly.

Q4. Can I exceed 2.5 kg on ground?
Ya, but you lose the small‑quantity exception and must meet added hazmat and carrier rules.

Q5. Where do I write the net weight?
On the outer box in Kilogram, bukan inside the Class 9 berlian.

Q6. Does form (pelet vs blok) change the maximum dry ice allowed per package?
No—the cap is net mass. Pelet menyublim lebih cepat, so plan slightly higher loads for the same hold time.

Q7. Apakah saya memerlukan deklarasi pengirim?
Kadang-kadang. For non‑DG products cooled by dry ice, you often only note UN1845 and net kg on the AWB. Check your operator’s rules.

Ringkasan dan Rekomendasi

Poin -poin penting: Itu maximum dry ice allowed per package adalah 200 kg for air cargo (khas), 2.5 kg for passenger baggage, Dan 5 lb untuk USPS Air. Always vent CO₂, tanda UN1845 Dan Kg net, and confirm operator variations. Use VIP or hybrid pack‑outs to lower required mass and stay well below caps.

Langkah selanjutnya:

Map your mode and route; apply the correct cap.
Use the estimator above to size dry ice and validate venting.
Print compliant labels and pre‑book quantities with the carrier.
Add CO₂ and temperature logging to every high‑value lane.
CTA: Need a PI‑954‑ready label set and pack‑out checklist? Bicaralah dengan Tempk Hari ini.

Tentang tempk

We design and validate IATA‑compliant dry‑ice and PCM systems for biopharma, makanan, and specialty logistics. Our engineers combine packaging science with airline acceptance know‑how to cut rejections and re‑ice costs. Clients see fewer delays and more stable temperatures thanks to right‑sized dry ice and better venting.

Let’s optimize your route: Request a lane‑specific pack‑out and labeling template from our team.