Menjaga barang-barang yang mudah rusak pada suhu yang tepat selama pengangkutan dapat menjadi hal yang menakutkan, Tetapi pengatur suhu paket es kering lembaran make it easier than ever. These flexible blankets filled with solid carbon dioxide provide ultra cold conditions down to −78.5 °C and keep goods frozen for days without leaving a watery mess. As global demand for biologics, vaksin dan makanan beku melonjak, the cold chain packaging market is expected to reach USD 32.29 miliar oleh 2025, driving innovation in temperature controlled packaging. This guide explains what dry ice sheets are, bagaimana mereka bekerja, Mengapa mereka penting, dan cara menggunakannya dengan aman. You’ll learn about the latest regulations, emerging trends, and practical steps to protect your shipments—so you can ship confidently and sustainably.
What is a temperature control dry ice pack sheet? Understand how solid CO₂ sublimates to cool your products and why these sheets are different from gel packs.
How do you use dry ice sheets safely? Learn best practices for packing, ventilasi, protective gear and disposal.
When should you choose dry ice over phase change materials or gel packs? Bandingkan rentang suhu, lamanya, hazards and sustainability.
Peraturan apa yang berlaku di 2025? Get a concise overview of IATA PI 954, UN1845 and other safety rules.
What are the latest innovations and market trends? Jelajahi pemantauan IoT, smart packaging and sustainability initiatives driving growth.
What are temperature control dry ice pack sheets and how do they work?
Temperature control dry ice pack sheets are flexible blankets or sheets that contain pockets of solid carbon dioxide. When the sheets are activated and frozen, the solid CO₂ sublimates—that is, it turns directly from a solid to a gas—absorbing a large amount of heat from the environment. This process keeps your cargo extremely cold without leaving any liquid water behind. Unlike traditional gel packs that melt around 0 ° C., dry ice sheets maintain temperatures down to −78.5 °C for up to 72 jam, making them ideal for shipping vaccines, biologis dan makanan beku.
These sheets work because the enthalpy of sublimation for dry ice is about 571 kJ/kg. Ketika CO₂ menyublim, it absorbs this energy, menurunkan suhu sekitar. The sheets’ flexible design allows them to wrap around cargo, providing uniform cooling and minimizing warm spots. Karena CO₂ menyublim langsung menjadi gas, there is no meltwater to leak or damage packaging, a major advantage over water based ice packs.
Dry ice sheet vs. traditional ice pack: perbedaan utama
The table below highlights how dry ice pack sheets outperform conventional gel or water based ice packs:
| Fitur | Lembaran kantong es kering | Paket es tradisional | Artinya untukmu |
| Kisaran suhu | Maintains ultra cold temperatures around −78.5 °C | Hovers near 0 ° C. (air beku) | Dry ice enables shipping of vaccines, biologics and other goods that need sub zero temperatures, whereas gel packs are limited to refrigerated goods. |
| Durasi pendinginan | Stays cold for up to 24 - - 72 jam tergantung pada ukuran lembaran dan isolasi | Typically lasts 6–12 hours | Fewer refills and reduced risk of temperature excursions mean lower logistics costs and better product quality. |
| Residu | Sublimates directly to gas—no liquid residue | Meleleh menjadi air, leaving wet packaging | No moisture prevents product contamination and damage to labels or electronics. |
| Reusability | Sekali pakai; dry ice sublimates completely | Reusable gel packs can be refrozen | Dry ice costs more per shipment but delivers ultra cold temperatures; gel packs save money for refrigerated loads. |
| Kasus penggunaan terbaik | Vaksin, Biologi, frozen foods and research samples | Makanan dingin, beverages and other goods that only require refrigeration | Selecting the right refrigerant ensures regulatory compliance and preserves product efficacy. |
Practical tips and usage advice
Pre cool containers and products: Refrigerate your insulated box and payload before adding dry ice. This prevents the refrigerant from being wasted on cooling the container.
Gunakan metode sandwich: Tempatkan selapis es kering di bagian bawah, your goods in the middle, dan lapisan lain di atasnya. Untuk lembaran tipis, wrap them around the sides for more uniform cooling.
Pastikan ventilasi yang tepat: Es kering sublimat ke dalam gas co₂. Always use vented containers or remove vent plugs so gas can escape. Jangan pernah menyegel es kering di dalam kotak kedap udara; penumpukan tekanan dapat menyebabkan ledakan.
Kenakan perlengkapan pelindung: Es kering sangat dingin dan dapat menyebabkan radang dingin. Wear insulated gloves and goggles when handling it and avoid direct skin contact.
Buang dengan aman: Biarkan es kering yang tidak terpakai menyublim di tempat yang berventilasi baik. Do not place it in sinks or garbage where it could damage plumbing.
Kasus nyata: A seafood exporter used dry ice pack sheets to ship frozen fish across the country. Dengan wadah pra-pendinginan, layering the sheets, and venting properly, the company maintained product quality and avoided thawing, meeting both safety regulations and customer expectations
Why choose dry ice pack sheets over phase change materials or gel packs?
Dry ice offers ultra low temperatures that alternative refrigerants cannot match. Bahan perubahan fasa (PCMS) are engineered substances that absorb and release heat at specific temperature ranges, khas 2 ° C ke 8 °C atau –20 °C. Paket gel (water or glycol based) freeze near 0 °C and deliver modest cooling. The table below contrasts these options:
| Pendingin | Kisaran suhu | Lamanya | Klasifikasi bahaya | Reusability | Kapan harus memilih |
| Lembaran kantong es kering | ≈ −78.5 °C | 24 - - 72 jam tergantung pada isolasi | Kelas 9 bahan berbahaya (UN1845) | Sekali pakai (Subledlimates) | Ideal for ultra cold shipments such as vaccines, Biologi, gene therapies and frozen foods. |
| Bahan perubahan fase (PCM) | 2 ° C ke 8 °C atau –20 °C | 24 - - 96 h with reusable containers | Umumnya tidak berbahaya | Dapat digunakan kembali; requires conditioning | Suitable for temperature sensitive goods that must stay within narrow ranges (Biologi, reagen, sampel klinis). |
| Paket gel | 0 ° C ke 4 ° C. | 6 - - 24 H | Tidak berbahaya | Dapat digunakan kembali | Terbaik untuk makanan dingin, drinks and non critical perishable goods. |
Dry ice produces deeper cold because CO₂ sublimates at –78.5 °C. PCMS, sementara dapat digunakan kembali, cannot achieve such low temperatures and require pre conditioning before use. Gel packs are inexpensive and reuse friendly but risk melting and leaking water. Selain itu, PCMs and gel packs are not classified as hazardous, simplifying shipping compliance. Dry ice requires hazardous goods labeling and documentation under IATA, Peraturan DOT dan PBB.
Phase change materials and gel packs: when they matter
PCMs are a smart choice when you need to maintain a strict temperature range—such as 2 ° C ke 8 °C for vaccines—or –20 °C for certain biologics. PCMs solidify or melt at these set points, delivering thermal stability over many hours. They are reusable and typically classified as non hazardous, reducing shipping restrictions and disposal concerns.
Gel packs offer modest cooling and are best suited for chilled goods like meal kit deliveries, beverages and fresh produce. They are widely available, inexpensive and safe to handle. Namun, they cannot maintain frozen conditions and leave water residue when they melt.
Contoh kasus: A biotech manufacturer shipping clinical trial kits at 2 ° C ke 8 °C switched from gel packs to PCM containers. The result was no temperature excursions and a 40 % cost reduction after ten shipments thanks to the reusability of PCM packs.
Key safety and regulatory requirements for 2025
Shipping with dry ice is regulated because solid CO₂ is classified as a Class 9 hazardous material under UN1845. Asosiasi Transportasi Udara Internasional (Iata) Instruksi pengemasan 954 and the Dangerous Goods Regulations outline how dry ice must be packed, labeled and declared. Di dalam 2025, the rules tighten further:
Persyaratan utama
Ventilasi: Packages must allow the escape of CO₂ gas to prevent dangerous pressure buildup. Never use airtight containers for dry ice shipments.
Pelabelan yang tepat: Every shipment must carry the UN1845 code, berat bersih es kering, dan kelasnya 9 simbol bahaya. Label setidaknya harus ada 100 mm square and placed on the same side of the package as the shipping name.
Bahan kemasan: Gunakan yang kuat, insulated containers that can withstand the extreme cold and permit safe sublimation, such as Styrofoam coolers or plastic lined boxes.
Batasan berat badan: Air carriers limit dry ice to 200 kg per paket. Overloading can result in fines or refusal of carriage.
Dokumentasi: Shippers must specify the net weight of dry ice and mark “Carbon dioxide, padat” pada tagihan saluran napas. Some shipments may require a Dangerous Goods Declaration.
Step by step packing process
Pilih wadah terisolasi: Choose a container that can tolerate extreme cold without cracking. Styrofoam or plastic coolers are common choices.
Ventilasi wadahnya: Drill or open vent holes to allow CO₂ gas to escape. Jangan pernah menutup wadah sepenuhnya.
Place the dry ice sheet on top: Position dry ice above the product; karena gas CO₂ tenggelam, placing it on top helps maintain the correct temperature.
Segel dan beri label: Secure the container, ensuring it remains vented, and attach the UN1845 label, Kelas 9 symbol and net weight information.
Verifikasi berat badan: Confirm that the total dry ice weight does not exceed the airline’s 200 batas kg.
Gunakan daftar periksa: Follow the IATA checklist or your company’s SOP to document compliance.
| Persyaratan | Detail | Apa artinya bagimu |
| Label UN1845 | Mark the package “Carbon dioxide, padat (es kering)” with net weight | Ensures regulators and carriers know your shipment contains dry ice. |
| Kemasan ventilasi | Wadah harus memungkinkan gas CO₂ keluar | Prevents pressure buildup and explosions. |
| Batasan berat | No more than 200 kg es kering per bungkus | Staying within limits avoids flight restrictions and fines. |
| Dokumentasi | Accurate net weight and shipper details must appear on the airway bill | Essential for audits, bea cukai dan klaim asuransi. |
Kesalahan umum dan cara menghindarinya
Ventilasi yang tidak tepat: Failing to vent packages can cause CO₂ accumulation and package rupture. Always include ventilation holes or breathable materials.
Pelabelan yang salah: Missing or incorrect UN1845 labels delay shipments or trigger fines. Double check labeling before dispatch.
Overloading: Melebihi 200 kg weight limit can lead to non compliance and canceled flights. Verify weight and use multiple packages when needed.
Poor packaging materials: Using unapproved or damaged insulation causes temperature fluctuations. Invest in high quality containers designed for dry ice.
Melewatkan pelatihan: Staff must be trained on handling hazardous materials. Provide regular SOP updates and safety refreshers.
Kasus nyata: A pharmaceutical company improved audit scores and reduced shipping delays by strictly following PI 954 guidelines—venting containers, labeling correctly, and limiting dry ice weight.
Latest developments and trends for 2025
Tinjauan Tren
The cold chain packaging market is expanding rapidly. Mordor Intelligence reports that the market will be worth USD 32.29 miliar masuk 2025 dan tumbuh menjadi USD 48.93 miliar oleh 2030, CAGR sebesar 8.67 %. Growth is fueled by rising biologics volumes, e commerce grocery expansion and global vaccine programmes. These drivers demand validated packaging, advanced temperature monitoring and sustainable materials.
Sekilas tentang inovasi terbaru
Perangkat pemantauan cerdas: Passive containers now integrate IoT sensors that transmit live temperature data. SkyCell’s hybrid container can run for 270 hours and stream data in real time, attracting insurers who reward risk reduction.
Digital air waybills and e documentation: More regions are adopting eAWB, which requires precise digital tracking and reduces paperwork.
Bahan berkelanjutan: Bio based phase change materials and recyclable insulation are gaining share. Curbside recyclable climaliner liners launched in 2024 mengantarkan 72 hours of thermal protection while meeting recycling requirements. Companies are moving toward biodegradable dry ice packaging and reusable shippers.
Pengoptimalan rute bertenaga AI: Delivery companies such as HelloFresh use AI to adapt packaging configurations to weather and route data, mengurangi perubahan suhu dan sampah kemasan.
Generator es kering portabel: Portable generators allow on site production of dry ice, reducing transportation emissions and costs.
Wawasan pasar
The market is driven by several factors:
Biologics and gene therapy logistics: Hampir setengah dari obat-obatan baru memerlukan pengendalian suhu, and advanced therapies need cryogenic conditions below –150 °C. Products like Cryoport’s HV3 cryogenic shipper launched in January 2025 illustrate the need for specialised designs.
Bahan makanan e-commerce: The explosion of online grocery and meal kit delivery increases demand for space efficient, lightweight insulation that withstands last mile variability. AI driven packaging helps optimise for weather and route conditions.
Program vaksin global: Initiatives by Gavi, UNICEF and WHO require validated cold chain packaging that works in remote areas. Solar powered clinics in Ethiopia highlight infrastructure challenges and drive innovation in portable cooling technologies.
ESG and sustainability: Corporate environmental goals spur adoption of reusable passive shippers and bio based materials. Regulations in the EU now require full recyclability of packaging by 2030, pushing suppliers toward fibre based solutions.
Smart indicators and insurance: Insurer driven adoption of smart indicators (MISALNYA., Timestrip’s semaglutide sensor) helps monitor temperature excursions and reduce claims.
Pertanyaan yang sering diajukan
Q1: How long do temperature control dry ice pack sheets last?
Dry ice sheets typically maintain ultra cold temperatures for 24 jam per lembar; multiple sheets or layers can extend cooling up to 72 jam. Combine them with high quality insulation to maximize duration.
Q2: Apakah lembaran kantong es kering dapat digunakan kembali?
TIDAK. Es kering menyublim sepenuhnya, jadi spreinya sekali pakai. Jika Anda membutuhkan solusi yang dapat digunakan kembali, choose phase change materials or gel packs.
Q3: Bagaimana cara menghitung jumlah es kering yang dibutuhkan?
Sebagai aturan umum, gunakan 5–10 pon (2.3–4.5 kg) es kering per 24 jam pengiriman. Adjust based on shipment volume, kualitas isolasi dan suhu lingkungan.
Q4: Tindakan pencegahan keselamatan apa yang harus saya ikuti saat menangani es kering?
Selalu kenakan sarung tangan dan kacamata berinsulasi; direct skin contact can cause severe frostbite. Ensure proper ventilation to avoid CO₂ buildup and asphyxiation.
Q5: Can dry ice pack sheets replace gel packs or PCMs for all shipments?
TIDAK. Dry ice provides ultra cold temperatures suited to frozen goods and biologics, but it is hazardous and single use. Gel packs and PCMs are better for refrigerated goods and are reusable.
Ringkasan dan Rekomendasi
Temperature control dry ice pack sheets are powerful tools for cold chain logistics. They deliver temperatures down to –78.5 °C, provide long cooling durations without leaving moisture, and are indispensable for shipping vaccines, biologis dan makanan beku. Namun, they are single use and classified as hazardous goods, membutuhkan penanganan yang cermat, ventilasi dan pelabelan. Alternatives like PCMs and gel packs offer reusable, non hazardous options for shipments that need more moderate temperatures.
To ensure success:
Match the refrigerant to your product: Use dry ice sheets for ultra cold shipments and PCMs or gel packs for refrigerated goods.
Ikuti peraturan: Mematuhi IATA PI 954, UN1845 and other rules—venting, labeling and weight limits must be observed.
Invest in quality packaging and monitoring: High quality insulation, IoT sensors and AI driven logistics tools improve performance and reduce waste.
Merangkul keberlanjutan: Adopt reusable materials and biodegradable packaging to meet ESG goals.
Latih tim Anda: Mendidik staf tentang penanganan yang aman, compliance and best practices to minimize risks and improve efficiency.
Tentang tempk
Tempk specializes in advanced cold chain logistics solutions. The company’s dry ice pack sheets and temperature monitoring devices help businesses maintain shipment integrity, meet compliance requirements and reduce environmental impact. Dengan fokus pada keberlanjutan dan inovasi, Tempk provides customized guidance on selecting the right refrigerants, packing methods and monitoring tools. If you’re ready to improve your cold chain operations, reach out to Tempk’s experts for tailored support.
Calls to action
Consult with a cold chain specialist: Evaluate your current shipping processes and discuss how temperature control dry ice pack sheets can improve efficiency.
Gunakan kalkulator es kering kami: Estimate how many sheets you need based on shipment weight, durasi dan suhu lingkungan.
Take the compliance quiz: Test your understanding of PI 954 and UN1845 regulations to ensure you’re ready for audits.
