Saat Anda perlu menjaga produk tetap dingin atau beku selama pengangkutan, should you use a wet and dry dry ice pack or stick with traditional gel packs? Dry ice remains at about –78.5 °C (–109,3°F) and leaves no moisture, while water based gel packs maintain 0 °C to 8 °C and gradually melt. This article helps you decide which pack to choose and explains how combining both refrigerants can extend cooling time. You’ll learn the science of sublimation, petunjuk pengepakan langkah demi langkah, diperbarui 2025 regulations and innovative trends shaping cold chain logistics. Pada akhirnya, you’ll know how to safely use wet and dry dry ice packs to protect your temperature sensitive goods.
Difference between wet and dry dry ice packs: We explain how dry ice pack sheets encapsulate solid CO₂ and why they maintain ultra low temperatures without moisture, while gel packs keep goods cool without freezing.
When to combine dry ice and gel packs: Learn the advantages of hybrid cooling systems and how mixing wet and dry ice slows sublimation and stabilises temperatures.
Safe packing guidelines: Step by step instructions for layering dry ice and gel packs, insulating shipments and venting CO₂ gas.
Regulations and safety rules: Understand weight limits, labelling requirements (UN1845) and personal protective equipment needed when handling dry ice.
2025 tren dan inovasi: Jelajahi otomatisasi, Keberlanjutan, smart sensors and hybrid systems transforming cold chain logistics.
What Are Wet and Dry Dry Ice Packs?
Jawaban Langsung
Wet and dry dry ice pack sheets combine two refrigerant technologies in a single flexible sheet: a water based gel layer (“wet”) and encapsulated dry ice (“dry”). Dry ice pack sheets use sealed polymer cells filled with dry ice pellets; as the dry ice sublimates from solid to gas, it absorbs heat and maintains temperatures near –78.5 °C. Paket gel, di sisi lain, freeze water and maintain a moderate 2–8 °C range without freezing the product. By combining these materials, shippers can tailor cooling to either frozen or chilled goods.
Penjelasan yang diperluas
Dry ice pack sheets are manufactured by placing dry ice pellets or flakes inside a flexible polymer film. Because dry ice sublimates directly to CO₂ gas rather than melting, it leaves no moisture; this prevents water damage to sensitive cargo like electronics, obat-obatan atau barang kering. The gel layer in a wet dry ice sheet slows down sublimation and distributes cold evenly across the sheet. Sebaliknya, traditional gel packs contain a water based phase change material (PCM) that freezes at around 0 °C; they are perfect for keeping goods cool (2–8 ° C.) tanpa membekukannya. Recent market analyses note that the global dry ice market is projected to grow from USD 1.66 billion in 2025 menjadi USD 2,73 miliar pada 2032, reflecting increased demand for moisture free cold chain solutions.
How wet and dry pack sheets work
A wet and dry dry ice pack sheet typically has three layers:
| Komponen | Keterangan | Makna | Manfaat praktis |
| Lapisan lembaran gel | Flexible material surrounding dry ice pellets | Slows sublimation and distributes cold evenly | Extends cooling effect and reduces hot spots |
| Inti es kering | Encapsulated solid CO₂ that sublimates at –78.5 °C | Maintains ultra low temperatures | Menyimpan vaksin, biologics and frozen foods below freezing |
| Cangkang luar pelindung | Durable polymer film | Prevents leaks and protects contents | Safe handling and reusable until the textile surface becomes unhygienic |
Karena lapisan gel memoderasi sublimasi, gel sheet dry ice packs can maintain frozen conditions for 24–72 hours depending on thickness and insulation. A practical example is mRNA vaccines requiring –70 °C storage: mini dry ice pack sheets kept them at –78.5 °C for more than 48 hours during international flights.
Tip praktis dan saran pengguna
When using wet and dry dry ice pack sheets:
Pre chill the packaging: Pre cool containers before adding the sheet to maximise hold time.
Gunakan isolasi berkualitas tinggi: Combine dry ice sheets with insulated boxes or vacuum insulated panels (VIP) to reduce heat transfer.
Pantau suhu: Smart sensors or data loggers can track internal temperatures and alert you to deviations.
Combine with gel packs if needed: Saat mengirimkan barang beku dan didinginkan, adding gel packs buffers temperature gradients and slows dry ice sublimation.
Meja: Cooling methods compared
| Metode pendinginan | Kisaran suhu | Lamanya (kira-kira.) | Kelembaban | Penggunaan terbaik |
| Lembaran es kering mini | –78.5 °C to –18 °C | 24–48 h | Tidak ada (Subledlimates) | Ultra low temperatures for vaccines and biologics |
| Paket es tradisional (berbasis air) | 0 ° C. | 12–24 h | Meninggalkan air | Suitable for chilled produce and drinks |
| Paket gel | 2–8 ° C. | Bervariasi, khas 24 H | Kelembaban minimal saat meleleh | Protects goods above freezing, ideal untuk obat-obatan yang tidak boleh dibekukan |
User friendly analogies
Think of a wet and dry dry ice pack sheet like a “cold sandwich.” The dry ice core acts as the frozen filling that keeps everything cold, while the gel layers are the bread that insulate and spread the cold evenly. Without the bread, the frozen filling would sublimate quickly and create pockets of cold. Demikian pula, combining both layers ensures consistent temperatures and longer hold times.
Why Combine Wet and Dry Ice Packs?
Jawaban Langsung
Mixing dry ice with gel packs or wet ice can extend cooling time and provide both ultra cold and refrigerated zones within one shipment. Gel packs slow down the sublimation of dry ice, while dry ice stabilises the temperature of the gel packs. This hybrid approach extends the total cooling duration by roughly 12–15 % and balances extreme cold with moderate temperatures.
Penjelasan yang diperluas
Dry ice sublimates rapidly because of its extremely low temperature. By adding gel packs or regular ice, the water based ice absorbs some of the heat that would otherwise accelerate sublimation. Studies in 2025 show that combining dry ice with gel packs can extend the hold time for shipments from around 48 jam untuk 60 jam, using roughly 14 lb of total coolant compared with 10 lb of dry ice alone. The wet ice or gel acts as a thermal buffer: it maintains a near freezing layer above the dry ice, slows sublimation and prevents sudden freezing of delicate products. When shipping both frozen and chilled goods, placing gel packs near items requiring refrigeration (2–8 ° C.) and positioning dry ice above or around items that must remain frozen preserves both categories.
Benefits of hybrid cooling
| Keuntungan | Penjelasan | Bukti |
| Durasi pendinginan yang diperpanjang | Gel packs or wet ice reduce the rate of dry ice sublimation, extending cooling duration by approximately 12–15 %. | Data from cold chain tests show hybrid packouts provide up to 60 hours of cold, dibandingkan dengan 48 hours for dry ice alone. |
| Kontrol suhu | Combining refrigerants allows you to ship both frozen and chilled products in one container, avoiding over freezing delicate goods. | Layering gel packs near goods requiring 0 – 5 °C prevents them from freezing while dry ice maintains frozen goods at –18 °C. |
| Efisiensi biaya | Gel packs supplement dry ice, reducing the total dry ice weight and lowering shipping costs. | Untuk a 72 hour lane, using gel packs reduces the need for extra dry ice, menabung hingga 25 % on refrigerant cost. |
| Keamanan dan penanganan | Gel packs reduce the risk of frostbite for handlers, acting as a buffer between bare hands and dry ice. | Handlers can reposition gel packs easily without contacting the ultra cold dry ice. |
Contoh dunia nyata
A seafood distributor shipping frozen fish and live clams across the country uses hybrid cooling. They place gel packs against the live clams to maintain 0–5 °C and layer dry ice blocks on top to keep the fish below –18 °C. According to Dry Ice Corp, combining gel packs with dry ice stabilises the dry ice, slows sublimation and extends shelf life. This method ensures that live shellfish remain alive while the frozen fish stays solid. For a 24 hour journey in a 15 quart container, about 5–10 lbs of dry ice and one pound of gel packs per cubic foot are recommended.
User advice and best practices
Layer the refrigerants: Place gel packs near goods that should stay above freezing and put dry ice above or around frozen items.
Choose the right ratios: Use equal weight of dry ice and product for 48 hour frozen shipments and 1.5 × product weight for 72 hour shipments. Untuk paket gel, one third of the product weight often provides up to 48 jam pendinginan.
Seal and insulate properly: Gunakan isolasi berkualitas tinggi (EPS, Pur atau VIP) and fill voids with dunnage to slow heat transfer.
Ventilasi wadahnya: Ensure the package is ventilated to prevent CO₂ buildup. Never seal dry ice in an airtight container to avoid explosion hazards.
Gunakan penghalang kelembaban: Line packages with poly bags or bubble wrap to prevent condensation from gel packs from affecting products.
Kasus aktual: A camping group used a hybrid setup: they placed a dry ice block at the bottom of their cooler, added 20–30 pounds of wet ice above it, then loaded food and drinks on top. This configuration kept beverages cold for 6–8 hours and melted ice absorbed CO₂, reducing gas buildup. Following this approach, the campers enjoyed fresh drinks without waterlogging, illustrating the effectiveness of wet and dry combinations.
How to Pack Wet and Dry Ice Packs Effectively
Jawaban Langsung
To pack a wet and dry dry ice shipment, layer the gel packs near refrigerated goods, position dry ice above or around frozen items, and insulate everything within a vented container. Gunakan penghalang kelembaban, pre chill the box and ensure proper labeling and ventilation. Wear protective gloves and avoid direct contact with dry ice to prevent frostbite.
Panduan pengepakan langkah demi langkah
Identify temperature zones: Decide which items require freezing and which need refrigeration. Place gel packs near products that should stay 0–5 °C and dry ice near items that must remain frozen.
Siapkan wadahnya: Pre chill the insulated box and line it with a moisture barrier (poly bag or foil liner) to protect contents from condensation.
Layer gel packs: Place gel packs at the bottom or along the sides where you need moderate temperatures. Untuk pengiriman 24 jam, use roughly one pound of gel packs per cubic foot.
Add products: Insert the products, ensuring sealed packaging to prevent contamination. For seafood or meat, double bag items and use absorbent materials as recommended by FedEx guidelines.
Posisikan es kering: Place dry ice blocks or pellets on top of or around the products needing freezing. Use 5–10 lb of dry ice per 24 hours with a 15–25 % penyangga; plan 15–30 lb for a 72 hour shipment.
Isi kekosongan dan isolasi: Use dunnage, foam spacers or newspaper to fill empty spaces and reduce convection. Choose appropriate insulation—EPS for short durations, PUR for extended hold times or VIP panels for 72 hour shipments.
Ventilasi wadahnya: Ensure the lid or container has vent holes so that CO₂ gas can escape. Never use airtight containers—pressure buildup can rupture packages.
Segel dan beri label: Close the outer box securely with tape. Label the package with “Dry Ice” or “Carbon dioxide, padat,” include UN1845 and net weight (kg), and display Class 9 label bahaya. Add addresses for shipper and consignee.
Tip pengepakan tambahan
Bungkus es kering: Wrap blocks or slabs of dry ice in newspaper or paper bags to slow sublimation and protect packaging.
Keep dry ice off food: Avoid direct contact between dry ice and food to prevent freezing or texture changes.
Use separate compartments: Untuk pengiriman campuran, consider using dividers or smaller compartments within the box to keep different temperature zones separated.
Document contents: Write the weight of dry ice on the label; pengiriman selesai 5.5 lb (2.5 kg) require dangerous goods documentation.
Buang dengan benar: Biarkan es kering yang tidak terpakai menyublim di area yang berventilasi baik. Never pour it into sinks or drains.
Skenario praktis: A biotech laboratory shipping gene therapy vectors needs –60 °C for 72 jam. They use a dry ice container with blocks and pellets layered together, pre condition the container, and fill empty spaces with custom slices. This maintained –65 °C to –70 °C for 72 jam, memastikan integritas produk.
Pertimbangan Keamanan dan Peraturan
Jawaban Langsung
Dry ice is classified as a hazardous material for air transport and requires specific handling, labelling and weight limits. Selalu kenakan sarung tangan terisolasi, goggles and long sleeves when handling dry ice; ensure ventilation and never seal dry ice in airtight containers to prevent CO₂ buildup.
Peraturan dan kepatuhan
Regulatory bodies such as the U.S. Departemen Transportasi (DOT) dan Asosiasi Transportasi Udara Internasional (Iata) classify dry ice shipments as dangerous goods. Persyaratan utama meliputi:
UN1845 labelling: Packages containing dry ice must display “UN1845” and the proper shipping name “Dry Ice” or “Carbon dioxide, padat". The airbill must state “Dry Ice, 9, UN1845, number of packages and net weight in kg”.
Batasan berat badan: Passenger flights limit dry ice to 2.5 kg (5.5 lb) per paket; penerbangan kargo memungkinkan hingga 200 kg per paket. USPS air shipments are capped at 5 lb.
Venting requirements: Es kering melepaskan gas CO₂; packages must be vented to prevent pressure buildup. FedEx instructions emphasise using insulated containers with vented lids and placing dry ice on top of products.
Dokumentasi: Pengiriman selesai 2.5 kg require a Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods (unless the contents are exempt), and carriers like FedEx and UPS have additional rules including Class 9 label bahaya.
Pemilihan materi: Hindari plastik rapuh; containers should withstand low temperatures and pressure changes. Use sturdy polystyrene or polyethylene boxes with ventilation ports.
Safety best practices
Peralatan pelindung pribadi: Kenakan sarung tangan terisolasi, kacamata pengaman dan baju lengan panjang untuk mencegah radang dingin.
Penyimpanan yang tepat: Simpan es kering di tempat yang berventilasi baik; never in sealed rooms or walk in freezers without ventilation.
pemantauan CO₂: In confined spaces or vehicles, use CO₂ detectors to avoid hypercapnia; high concentrations can cause headaches, dizziness and shortness of breath.
Hindari konsumsi: Never place dry ice in food or drinks; ingestion can cause serious harm.
Pembuangan yang aman: Allow dry ice to sublimate outdoors or in a fume hood; do not pour down drains or place in trash.
Keamanan paket gel
Gel packs are non toxic and generally safer to handle but still require care. Avoid puncturing the pack; if the gel escapes, wash skin immediately. Gel packs can be reused if the packaging remains intact, menjadikannya lebih berkelanjutan.
Choosing the Right Pack for Different Industries
Farmasi dan bioteknologi
Pharmaceuticals often require ultra cold temperatures. Vaccines and biologics may need storage below –70 °C. Gel sheet dry ice packs with controlled sublimation rates maintain these temperatures while providing cushioning to protect vials. Di dalam 2025, analitik prediktif dan sensor IoT memungkinkan pemantauan pengiriman obat secara real-time. The North American pharmaceutical cold chain market is expected to reach USD 1,454 billion by 2029.
Pengiriman makanan dan makanan
Makanan beku, seafood and meal kits require consistent freezing around –18 °C. Dry ice sheets can maintain –20 °C for 24 jam, memastikan daging dan makanan laut tetap aman. Kemasan gel melindungi produk yang mudah rusak (0–5°C) tanpa pembekuan. Seiring berkembangnya perdagangan elektronik, the North American food cold chain market is projected to reach USD 86.67 billion in 2025. Using wet and dry dry ice pack sheets reduces food waste and improves customer satisfaction.
E commerce dan perlengkapan makan
Lembaran es kering sekali pakai ringan dan mengurangi berat dimensi, memotong biaya pengiriman. They can be cut into smaller cells for flexible sizing and combined with smart sensors that adjust the number of sheets based on predictive analytics. Meal kit companies use gel sheet dry ice packs to keep frozen meals at –20 °C for 24 jam, improving customer experience.
Sampel biotek dan laboratorium
Biotech samples such as genetic material or enzymes require reliable cooling and cushioning. Gel sheet dry ice packs maintain low temperatures while cushioning vials and tubes. Real time tracking devices verify temperature compliance and provide audit trails.
Hydrate packs for everyday use
Hydrate dry ice packs are reusable sheets that absorb water before freezing. They are versatile for everyday cooling—picnics, camping trips or transporting seafood—and can maintain refrigerator temperatures for extended periods. These packs can even help maintain refrigerator temperatures during power outages.
2025 Tren dan Inovasi
Otomasi dan robotika
Labor shortages are prompting adoption of automated storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS) dan penangan robot. Automation reduces labour costs, minimises errors and maintains consistent temperature control. Studies show around 80 % gudang tetap tidak otomatis, menyoroti potensi pertumbuhan yang signifikan.
Keberlanjutan sebagai nilai inti
Environmental regulations and consumer demand drive sustainable practices. The global food cold chain infrastructure accounts for roughly 2 % emisi CO₂. Produsen sedang mengembangkan paket gel ramah lingkungan, kemasan kompos dan lapisan es kering yang dapat didaur ulang. Programs like Cryopak’s R3 Service reuse and recycle materials, saving clients money and reducing waste.
Visibilitas ujung ke ujung dan pelacakan waktu nyata
Sensor berkemampuan IoT memberikan suhu berkelanjutan, data lokasi dan kelembaban, allowing businesses to optimise routes and reduce waste. Real time visibility improves customer satisfaction and ensures regulatory compliance.
Infrastructure modernisation and AI
Aging cold storage facilities require upgrades in insulation, data collection and onsite renewable energy. Artificial intelligence analyses historical and real time data to optimise routing, memprediksi kegagalan peralatan dan memperkirakan permintaan.
Pertumbuhan rantai dingin farmasi
Terapi gen dan sel memerlukan penyimpanan yang sangat dingin; tentang 20 % of new drugs fall into this category. The COVID 19 pandemic accelerated investment in cold chain capacity and highlighted the need for reliable dry ice solutions.
Logistik jarak jauh dan makanan segar
Konsumen mengharapkan produk segar, produk berkualitas tinggi dikirim dengan cepat. The North American food cold chain market will reach USD 86.67 billion di dalam 2025. Innovations in packaging and refrigeration address last mile challenges.
Kemitraan dan integrasi strategis
Kolaborasi antar produsen makanan, pemasok pengemasan dan penyedia teknologi meningkatkan efisiensi dan ketahanan. Oleh 2025, sekitar 74 % data logistik diharapkan terstandarisasi, memungkinkan integrasi yang lebih baik di seluruh rantai pasokan.
Bahan ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan
Sustainable materials like compostable gel packs and recycled cardboard reduce waste and carbon footprints. Innovations such as NexBlu™ GPS use 20 % materi yang lebih sedikit and incorporate recycled graphite beads.
Integrasi teknologi cerdas
Paket es kering dan lembaran gel kini dilengkapi sensor yang memantau suhu dan mengirimkan peringatan ketika terjadi penyimpangan. AI recommends the optimal number of sheets per shipment. These technologies improve efficiency and reduce waste.
FAQ
Q1: How long do wet and dry dry ice pack sheets last?
Lembaran kantong es kering biasanya mempertahankan suhu di bawah nol 24–72 jam depending on their thickness and insulation. Gel packs alone provide moderate temperatures for about 24 jam; combining them can extend cooling up to 60 jam.
Q2: Bisakah saya menggunakan kembali lembaran kantong es kering?
Ya. Dry ice sheets can be reused until the textile surface becomes unhygienic. Always rehydrate and freeze the sheet before each use.
Q3: Are dry ice packs safe for air freight?
Ya, as long as they are properly packaged and labelled. Jaga pengiriman di bawah 5.5 lb (2.5 kg) of dry ice to minimise regulatory requirements.
Q4: Bagaimana cara mencegah produk membeku saat menggunakan es kering dan kemasan gel?
Place gel packs near items that must remain above freezing and position dry ice away from those products. Layering and insulation provide temperature gradients.
Q5: Apa perbedaan antara paket es kering lembaran gel dan paket gel biasa?
Paket es kering lembaran gel menggunakan es kering untuk mencapai suhu sangat rendah, whereas regular gel packs rely on water based PCM and maintain 2–8 °C. Use gel sheets for frozen shipments and gel packs for chilled goods.
Q6: How much dry ice do I need per shipment?
Aturan umumnya adalah satu pon es kering per pon produk for 48 hour shipments and 1.5 × product weight for 72 hour shipments. Use 5–10 lb of dry ice per 24 hours and add a 15–25 % penyangga.
Q7: Can I pack dry ice and gel packs in the same container?
Ya. Follow the layering guidelines—gel packs next to refrigerated goods, dry ice above or around frozen items, dan melampiaskan wadahnya.
Ringkasan dan Rekomendasi
Wet and dry dry ice pack sheets offer a versatile cooling solution. Dry ice provides ultra low temperatures (–78.5 ° C.) and leaves no moisture, while gel packs maintain moderate temperatures without freezing. Combining these refrigerants extends cooling duration by roughly 12–15 %, allows dual temperature shipments and reduces costs. Untuk memaksimalkan kinerja, wadah sebelum didinginkan, layer gel packs and dry ice correctly, insulate and vent packages, dan mematuhi peraturan. Gunakan isolasi berkualitas tinggi, Bungkus es kering, hindari kontak langsung dengan makanan, dan memonitor suhu dengan sensor. Di dalam 2025, innovations like automation, sustainable materials and smart tracking are reshaping the cold chain. By selecting the right pack and following best practices, you can protect your products and improve customer satisfaction.
Saran yang dapat ditindaklanjuti
Nilai kiriman Anda: Determine the temperature requirements and transit duration for each product.
Pilih zat pendingin yang tepat: Use dry ice pack sheets for frozen or ultra cold shipments; choose gel packs for chilled goods or pair them for hybrid cooling.
Follow packing protocols: Layer gel packs near products needing refrigeration, dry ice near frozen goods, and insulate and vent the container.
Memantau dan mendokumentasikan: Use smart sensors or data loggers, record dry ice weight, and label packages with UN1845 and net mass.
Merangkul keberlanjutan: Opt for reusable gel packs or recyclable dry ice sheets, and explore circular CO₂ sources to reduce environmental impact.
Tentang tempk
Tempk is a leading provider of high performance temperature control solutions. Our products include mini dry ice pack sheets, paket lembaran gel, paket hidrasi dan kemasan terisolasi. Kami mengoperasikan R&D centre and quality control laboratory to ensure every product meets rigorous standards. Our innovations—such as EcoGel™ gel packs and recyclable EcoPak™ packaging—support sustainability while delivering exceptional performance. Apakah pengiriman vaksin, makanan laut atau perlengkapan makan, kami memberikan solusi khusus untuk menjaga barang Anda tetap aman.
Panggilan untuk bertindak: Ready to optimise your cold chain logistics? Contact Tempk’s experts for personalised guidance on choosing wet and dry dry ice pack sheets and stay ahead of 2025 tren rantai dingin.
