Shipping temperature-sensitive products such as food, pharmaceuticals, and medical supplies requires precise temperature control. Dry ice, both in the form of packs and bricks, has become one of the most reliable methods for ensuring that goods remain cold throughout transit. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore how dry ice works, its benefits for shipping, and how to effectively implement it in your cold chain logistics.
What Are Dry Ice Packs and Dry Ice Bricks, and Why Are They Important?
Dry ice is the solid form of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and has an extremely low temperature of -78.5°C (-109.3°F). Unlike regular ice, which melts and leaves behind water, dry ice sublimates directly from a solid to a gas, leaving no residue. This unique property makes it ideal for shipping perishable goods, as it ensures no water damage while maintaining ultra-low temperatures.
Dry Ice Packs
These are pre-formed sheets or pouches that contain dry ice and are commonly used for short to medium-duration shipments. They offer flexibility and are easy to handle, making them ideal for smaller shipments.
Dry Ice Bricks
Dry ice bricks are solid blocks of dry ice, providing a longer sublimation period due to their larger mass and lower surface area. These are best for longer shipments, as they maintain cold temperatures for extended periods, making them ideal for bulk shipments or items that require prolonged cooling.
Benefits of Using Dry Ice for Shipping
1. Long-Lasting Cooling Power
Dry ice is incredibly effective at maintaining low temperatures for extended periods, much longer than regular ice. This is especially crucial for long-distance shipments or for products that need to be kept frozen for several days.
2. No Water Residue
One of the most significant advantages of dry ice is that it does not leave any liquid residue. As it sublimates, it turns directly into gas, ensuring that the goods being transported remain unaffected by water damage.
3. Ideal for Frozen Goods
Dry ice is perfect for shipping products like frozen foods, pharmaceuticals, and biological samples. It can keep these items at ultra-low temperatures, preventing spoilage and maintaining their integrity.
4. Lightweight Yet Efficient
Dry ice is denser than regular ice, providing more cooling power per unit weight. This helps reduce shipping costs, as less material is needed to achieve the same cooling effect.
How to Safely Handle Dry Ice During Shipping
Handling dry ice safely is critical for both the safety of those involved in shipping and the products being transported. Below are some essential safety tips for using dry ice in your logistics operations:
1. Protective Gear
Always wear protective gloves and eye protection when handling dry ice. This prevents frostbite and damage to the skin due to its extreme cold temperature.
2. Ventilation is Key
Dry ice releases carbon dioxide gas as it sublimates. Therefore, it’s crucial to ensure that your storage areas and shipping containers are well-ventilated to prevent dangerous CO₂ buildup, which could lead to suffocation.
3. Proper Storage
Dry ice should be stored in a well-ventilated area away from heat sources. It should never be stored in a completely sealed container, as the buildup of pressure could cause an explosion.
Best Practices for Shipping with Dry Ice
1. Choose the Right Packaging
High-quality insulated containers, such as Styrofoam boxes or vacuum-insulated panels, should be used to protect the shipment and prolong the sublimation process of dry ice. Ensure the container allows for the safe release of CO₂ gas to avoid pressure buildup.
2. Calculate the Correct Amount of Dry Ice
When using dry ice for shipping, it’s essential to calculate the correct amount to ensure that the cooling duration is sufficient for the entire journey. You can use the following formula to help calculate the dry ice mass required:
mass (kg)=(Thold hours24)×SR (kg per 24 hours)×(1+buffer)\text{mass (kg)} = \left(\frac{T_{\text{hold hours}}}{24}\right) \times \text{SR (kg per 24 hours)} \times (1 + \text{buffer})
Where:
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T_hold_hours is the required hold time.
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SR is the sublimation rate.
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Buffer accounts for unexpected delays or deviations in the route.
3. Label and Document Properly
Ensure that your shipment is correctly labeled with “Dry Ice” or “Carbon Dioxide, Solid,” and include the appropriate UN1845 identifier. Also, provide a Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods if necessary.
Comparing Dry Ice Packs vs. Dry Ice Bricks
| Feature | Dry Ice Packs | Dry Ice Bricks |
|---|---|---|
| Cooling Duration | Moderate (12-24 hours) | Long (24-48 hours or more) |
| Best for | Short to medium-duration shipments | Long-duration or bulk shipments |
| Temperature | Ultra-low temperatures (-78.5°C) | Ultra-low temperatures (-78.5°C) |
| Ideal Use | Small shipments and sensitive items | Larger shipments or extended transit times |
| Form Factor | Flexible and easy to handle | Dense and slow sublimation |
The Latest Trends in Dry Ice Shipping for 2025
1. Eco-Friendly Alternatives
The demand for environmentally friendly shipping solutions has increased, and dry ice is no exception. Companies are exploring biodegradable materials that can replace dry ice to reduce the environmental impact.
2. Smart Shipping Solutions
In 2025, smart sensors and IoT-enabled temperature monitoring systems are revolutionizing dry ice shipping. These technologies ensure that temperature conditions remain stable throughout the entire shipping process, providing real-time data and enhanced visibility.
3. Hybrid Shipping Solutions
The rise of hybrid VIP (vacuum insulated panels) combined with phase change materials (PCM) has been a game-changer in temperature-controlled logistics. These systems extend hold time while reducing CO₂ usage, providing a more sustainable solution for dry ice shipping.
FAQs About Dry Ice Shipping
Q1: How long can dry ice keep my shipment cold?
Dry ice can maintain its cooling power for 18 to 24 hours depending on factors like the amount used, packaging quality, and external temperature conditions.
Q2: Is it safe to use dry ice for shipping food?
Yes, dry ice is safe for shipping food, as long as proper packaging is used to prevent direct contact with the product and to allow for gas release.
Q3: Can I use dry ice for shipping pharmaceuticals?
Dry ice is widely used for shipping pharmaceuticals, especially for items requiring ultra-low temperatures, such as vaccines and biologics.
Conclusion
Dry ice packs and dry ice bricks are invaluable for maintaining temperature control during shipping. By following best practices for handling, packaging, and compliance, you can ensure the safe delivery of temperature-sensitive goods. As technology advances, dry ice shipping solutions will continue to evolve, offering more efficient, sustainable, and reliable options for businesses in need of cold chain logistics.
Next Steps:
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Review your current cold chain shipping methods and consider upgrading to dry ice for better temperature control.
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Ensure your team is trained on the safe handling of dry ice.
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Stay updated on the latest trends and innovations to keep your cold chain operations at the forefront of efficiency and sustainability.
About Tempk
Tempk is a leader in temperature-controlled logistics, providing dry ice and other cold chain packaging products. Our solutions are designed to ensure that your goods are delivered safely, maintaining their integrity throughout the journey.
For more information on our products and services, feel free to contact us or visit our website.
